Python 可嵌入 Zip 文件在 sys.path 中不包含 lib/site-packages [英] Python Embeddable Zip File Doesn't Include lib/site-packages in sys.path

问题描述

我正在尝试将我们的 Python 版本从 3.4 更新到 3.6.我们将 Python 嵌入到 C++ 应用程序中，因此使用新的(自 Python 3.5 起)Windows x86 可嵌入 zip 文件.但是，我们的应用程序无法执行，因为lib/site-packages"没有被添加到 sys.path 变量中.我已经确认在我的机器上安装 Python 3.6 并从安装位置运行后，sys.path 变量包含(相对于 python 目录):

I am attempting to update our Python version from 3.4 to 3.6. We are embedding Python into a C++ application, so it seemed logical to utilize the new (since Python 3.5) Windows x86 embeddable zip file. However, our application is failing to execute because "lib/site-packages" isn't being added to the sys.path variable. I have confirmed that after installing Python 3.6 on my machine, and running from the installed location, the sys.path variable contains (relative to the python directory):

'...\\python36.zip'
'...\\DLLs'
'...\\lib'
'...'
'...\\lib\\site-packages'

但是，当我在同一台机器上从可嵌入的 zip 文件运行时，sys.path 变量包含(相对于 python 目录):

However, when I run from the embeddable zip file on the same machine, the sys.path variable contains (relative to the python directory):

'...\\python36.zip'
'...'
'...\\\n'

在这两种情况下，lib/site-packages"目录都存在于 Python 目录中.我也没有定义了 PYTHONPATH 环境变量.关于它如何确定 sys.path，有谁知道如何让可嵌入的 zip 文件与已安装的版本相同?

In both cases, the "lib/site-packages" directory exists within the Python directory. I also don't have a PYTHONPATH environment variable defined. Does anyone know how to get the embeddable zip file to act the same as the installed version, with respect to how it determines sys.path?

推荐答案

解压 Python 可嵌入 zip 文件后，有一个名为python36._pth 在根目录中.该文件包含以下文本:

After extracting the Python embeddable zip file, there is a file called python36._pth in the root directory. That file contains the following text:

# Uncomment to run site.main() automatically
#import site

如注释所示，只需取消注释 import site 语句删除#"字符.这样做之后，sys.path 变量包含:

As the comment indicates, simply uncomment the import site statement by removing the '#' character. After doing so, the sys.path variable contains:

'...\\python36.zip'
'...'
'...\\\n'
'...\\lib\\site-packages'

这仍然与安装的版本不同，但正是我在我的特殊情况下需要.

This is still different than the installed version, but is exactly what I needed in my particular case.

开始编辑

我还发现您可以完全删除 python36._pth 文件，这将 Python 恢复为不可嵌入版本的行为.

I also discovered that you can remove the python36._pth file entirely, which reverts Python to behavior of the non-embeddable version.

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