在 rake 中调用 bash 别名 [英] Invoking bash aliases in rake

问题描述

我的 .bashrc 中有以下命令:

I have the following command in my .bashrc:

alias mfigpdf='for FIG in *.fig; do fig2dev -L pdftex "$FIG" "${FIG%.*}.pdftex"; done;
                 for FIG in *.fig; do fig2dev -L pstex_t -p "${FIG%.*}.pdftex" "$FIG" "${FIG%.*}.pdftex_t"; done'

我想在我的 Rakefile 中执行mfigpdf"命令:

And I want to execute the 'mfigpdf' command in my Rakefile:

desc "convert all images to pdftex (or png)"
task :pdf do
  sh "mfigpdf"
  system "mfigpdf"
end

但是这些任务都不起作用.我可以将命令复制到 rakefile 中，然后将其插入到 shellscript 文件中，但是我已经复制了代码.

But none of theses tasks is working. I could just copy the command in the rakefile of insert it in a shellscript file, but than I have duplicated code.

感谢您的帮助！

马蒂亚斯

推荐答案

这里有三个问题:

• 您需要在子 shell 中source ~/.profile 或存储别名的任何位置.
• 您需要调用 shopt -s expand_aliases 以在非交互式 shell 中启用别名.
• 您需要在与实际调用别名的单独行上执行这两项操作.(出于某种原因，即使您使用分号，设置 expand_aliases 也不适用于同一行输入上的别名.请参阅 这个答案.)

• You need to source ~/.profile, or wherever your aliases are stored, in the subshell.
• You need to call shopt -s expand_aliases to enable aliases in a non-interactive shell.
• You need to do both of these on a separate line from the actual call to the alias. (For some reason, setting expand_aliases doesn't work for aliases on the same line of input, even if you use semicolons. See this answer.)

所以:

system %{
  source ~/.profile
  shopt -s expand_aliases
  mfigpdf
}

应该可以.

但是，我建议使用 bash 函数而不是别名.所以你的 bash 将是:

However, I would recommend using a bash function rather than an alias. So your bash would be:

function mfigpdf() {
  for FIG in *.fig; do
    fig2dev -L pdftex "$FIG" "${FIG%.*}.pdftex"
  done
  for FIG in *.fig; do
    fig2dev -L pstex_t -p "${FIG%.*}.pdftex" "$FIG" "${FIG%.*}.pdftex_t"
  done
}

还有你的红宝石:

system 'source ~/.profile; mfigpdf'

该函数的行为方式与交​​互式 shell 中的别名基本相同，并且在非交互式 shell 中更容易调用.

The function will behave basically the same way as the alias in an interactive shell, and will be easier to call in a non-interactive shell.

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