仅根据字段名称对类数组进行排序 [英] Sorting an array of classes based only on field name

问题描述

我有一个应用程序，其中用户为我提供了一个字段的名称，例如 name 或 costInCents，我必须按该字段排序.我有办法保证字段名称是正确的.这个应用程序导致了我无法让我的类 Comparable 并实现特定的 compareTo() 的复杂性，因为使用 compareTo() 我需要知道在实现时使用哪些字段/方法.

I have an application where a user provides me with the name of a field, e.g name or costInCents, and I have to sort by that field. I have ways of guaranteeing that the field name will be correct. This application causes the complication that I simply cannot make my class Comparable and implement a specific compareTo(), since with a custom implementation of compareTo() I need to know which fields / methods to use at implementation time.

所以为了实现这个目标，我尝试使用反射来将字段与其访问器相匹配.这是我想做的事情的 MWE.

So to achieve this goal, I am trying to use reflection in order to match the field to its accessor. Here's a MWE of what I want to do.

Class Product 是一个简单的 POJO 类，我想对它的实例进行成对比较:

Class Product is a simple POJO class whose instances I want to pairwise compare:

public class Product
{

    final String name;
    final Integer quantity;
    final Long costInCents;

    public Product(final String name, final Integer quantity, final Long costInCents)
    {
        this.name = name;
        this.quantity = quantity;
        this.costInCents = costInCents;
    }

    public String getName()
    {
        return name;
    }
    public Integer getQuantity()
    {
        return quantity;
    }
    public Long getCostInCents()
    {
        return costInCents;
    }
}

还有我的 Main 类，目前还没有完成:

And my Main class, which is currently incomplete:

public class Main {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        final Product[] productArray =
                {
                    new Product("Clorox wipes", 50, 700L),
                    new Product("Desk chair", 10, 12000L),
                    new Product("TV", 5, 30000L),
                    new Product("Bookcase", 5, 12000L),
                    new Product("Water bottle", 20, 700L),
                };

        // The following void methods are supposed to sort in-place with something like Arrays.sort() or Collections.sort(),
        // but I am also open to solutions involving stuff like Stream::sorted() or similar ones, which return a sorted array.
        sortByField(productArray, "costInCents");
        sortByField(productArray, "name");
    }

    private void sortByField(final Product[] productArray, final String sorterFieldName)
    {
        final Field sorterField = getSorterField(sorterFieldName, LiteProduct.class); // Gets the Field somehow
        final Method sorterAccessor = getSorterAccessor(sorterField, LiteProduct.class);    // Given the Field, this is easy
        Arrays.sort((Product p1, Product p2)->((Comparable<?>)sorterAccessor.invoke(p1)).compareTo(sorterAccessor.invoke(p2)) > 0); // Capture of ? instead of Object
    }
}

不幸的是，Arrays.sort() 行导致编译时错误，消息 Capture of ?而不是对象.我尝试将第二个参数转换为 Comparable, Comparable 等，没有运气.想法?

Unfortunately, the Arrays.sort() line results in a compile-time error with message Capture of ? instead of Object. I have tried casting the second argument to Comparable<?>, Comparable<? super sorterField.getType(), etc, with no luck. Ideas?

推荐答案

可能是最好的方法 - 使用排序策略.无需反射，兼容更复杂的排序逻辑:

Possibly the best way - with sorting strategies. No need for reflection, compatible with more complex sorting logic:

Map<String, Comparator<Product>> sortingStrategies = new HashMap<>(){
    {
        put("costInCents", Comparator.comparingLong(p->p.costInCents));
        put("quantity", Comparator.comparingLong(p->p.quantity));
        put("name", Comparator.comparing(p->p.name));
    }
};

private void sortByField(final Product[] productArray, final String sorterFieldName)
{
    Arrays.sort(productArray, sortingStrategies.get(sorterFieldName));
}

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