替换同时保留某些“词"在 vi/vim 中 [英] Replace while keeping certain "words" in vi/vim

问题描述

例如，如果我有 $asd['word_123'] 并且我想用 $this->line('word_123') 替换它，保持'word_123'.我怎么能这样做?

For example, if I have $asd['word_123'] and I wanted to replace it with $this->line('word_123'), keeping the 'word_123'. How could I do that?

通过使用:

%s/asd\[\'.*\'\]/this->line('.*')/g

我将无法保持两者之间的措辞.请赐教.

I will not be able to keep the wording in between. Please enlighten me.

推荐答案

使用正则表达式，你可以像 :%s/\$asd\['\([^']*\)'\]/$this->line('\1')/g

Using regex, you could do something like :%s/\$asd\['\([^']*\)'\]/$this->line('\1')/g

%s - 替换整个文件

\$asd\[' - 匹配$asd['".注意 $ 和 [ 需要转义，因为它们在正则表达式中具有特殊含义.

\$asd\[' - match "$asd['". Notice the $ and [ need to be escaped since these have special meaning in regex.

\([^']*\) - \( \) 可用于选择所谓的原子"，以便您可以在更换.[^'] 表示任何非 '，* 表示匹配 0 个或多个.

\([^']*\) - the \( \) can be used to select what's called an "atom" so that you can use it in the replacement. The [^'] means anything that is not a ', and * means match 0 or more of them.

'\] - 结束我们的比赛.

'\] - finishes our match.

$this->line('\1') - 替换为我们想要的，\1 替换为我们之前匹配的原子.

$this->line('\1') - replaces with what we want, and \1 replaces with our matched atom from before.

g - 对每行的多个匹配执行此操作.

g - do this for multiple matches on each line.

您也可以使用宏来代替正则表达式.例如，

Instead of regex you could also use a macro. For example,

qq/\$asd<Enter>ct'$this->line(<Esc>f]r)q

然后 @q 根据需要多次.您也可以在@q使用一次后@@，或者如果您想使用它80次，您可以80@q.

then @q as many times as you need. You can also @@ after you've used @q once, or you can 80@q if you want to use it 80 times.

在某些情况下，使用 :norm 可能是最好的选择.例如，如果您有一小段代码并且您正在匹配一个唯一的字符或位置.如果您知道$"只出现在特定代码块的$asd"中，您可以直观地选择它并

In some cases, using :norm may be the best option. For example, if you have a short block of code and you're matching a unique character or position. If you know that "$" only appears in "$asd" for a particular block of code you could visually select it and

:norm $T$ct'this->line(<C-v><Esc>f]r)<Enter>

关于更有效地使用 :norm 的讨论，请阅读 :help :norm 和 这个 reddit 帖子.

For a discourse on using :norm more effectively, read :help :norm and this reddit post.

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