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如何匹配开始和结束大括号内的文本、标签和指定的属性
[英] How to match text inside starting and closing curly brace, the tags and the specified attributes
本文介绍了如何匹配开始和结束大括号内的文本、标签和指定的属性的处理方法，对大家解决问题具有一定的参考价值，需要的朋友们下面随着小编来一起学习吧！
问题描述
我正在为我的 CMS 系统实现一个插件代码.类似于短代码的东西，但适用于许多场景.我想要一个管理员像这样编写他的代码的情况:
示例 1:
{COMMAND_NAME}包含 htmltags、symbols 和任何内容的文本字符串{/COMMAND_NAME}
示例 2
{COMMAND_NAME}
示例 3
{COMMAND_NAME{attriute1=value attribute2=value}}
示例 4
{COMMAND_NAME{attriute1=value attribute2=value}}任何字符串，包括文本、htmltags 和任何内容 {/COMMAND_NAME}
Regex 可以匹配上面的字符串.获取 COMMAND_NAME，获取中间的文本并从单个正则表达式模式获取结束的 {/COMMAND_NAME}.
在正则表达式中，我想捕获 COMMAND_NAME，如果提供了属性，如果 {COMMAND_NAME} 有结束 {/COMMAND_NAME} 和结束的 {/COMMAND_NAME}(如果提供).
看看我到目前为止做了什么，得到一些不完整的结果.
$regex = #\{(RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL)[\{]{0,1}([\w\W\s]*?)\}{0}\}([\w\s]+)([\{/RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL]*)\}#i$strings = '<div class="blog-list-item blog"><header class="entry-title"><h1>欢迎访问我们的网站</h1></header><article id="entry-72" class="entry post-72 page et-bg-layout-dark et-white-bg"><div class="jumbotron row"><div class="col-md-8"><ul><li>你的脖子上有一项待处理的工作?…</li><li>贵公司是否需要改造网站?…</li><li>还是有竞争力的 Web 应用程序??…</li><li>你需要一个定制的插件，还是一个调整?…</li><li>也许您想要一个个人网站?…</li><li>或者您的新项目的图形?…</li><div class="bg-primary well"><h4 class="text-center text-white shadow">跟踪您的项目，我们将它完美地工作...</h4>
<div class="pull-right col-md-4"><h4 class="bg-primary text-white well">我们提供的其他服务</h4>{访问{type=500}}<ul><li>现有网站或新网站的 SEO 工作</li><li>批量短信</li><li>电子货币兑换</li><li>Facebook广告</li><li>谷歌广告</li>{/访问}
{RAW{say=email,access=500}} {RAW} <a class="btn button large tall green" href="client-area">立即放置新工作，因为我们会以最快的速度 <em>合理的时间{/RAW}
';并执行 php var_dump，得到以下结果:数组(5){[0]=>数组(1){[0]=>字符串(224){访问{type=500}}<ul><li>现有网站或新网站的 SEO 工作</li><li>批量短信</li><li>电子货币兑换</li><li>Facebook广告</li><li>谷歌广告</li>{/访问}
{RAW{say=email,access=500}} {RAW}"}[1]=>数组(1){[0]=>字符串(6)访问"}[2]=>数组(1){[0]=>字符串(209)类型= 500}}<ul><li>现有网站或新网站的 SEO 工作</li><li>批量短信</li><li>电子货币兑换</li><li>Facebook广告</li><li>谷歌广告</li>{/访问}
{RAW{say=email,access=500}"}[3]=>数组(1){[0]=>字符串(1)"}[4]=>数组(1){[0]=>字符串(4){RAW"}}
这实际上不是我需要检索的.再一次，我想捕获 COMMAND_NAME，只有提供的属性，如果 {COMMAND_NAME} 有一个结束的 {/COMMAND_NAME} 和结束的 {/COMMAND_NAME}(如果提供).这意味着命令可以是内联的 {COMMAND_NAME}，或者不是 {COMMAND_NAME} 某些字符串 {/COMMAND_NAME}，具有属性 {COMMAND_NAME{attr1=value attr2=value2}} 与否.
解决方案
此正则表达式将按您指定的方式工作:
$regex = '~#开头标签\{(RAW|访问|DWNLINK|MODL|\w+)#可选属性(?>\{ ([^}]*) })?}#可选文本和结束标记(?:(#text:= 除{"以外的任何字符，或{"后不跟/commandname[^{]*+(?>\{(?!/?\1[{}])[^{]*)*+)#结束标签( \{/\1} ))?〜ix';
regex101 演示
<小时>与您所拥有的相比:
首先，我使用了 /x 修饰符(在最后)，它忽略了空格和 #comments.
在开始标记中，我使用了您的选项，但您也可以使用 \w+ 来匹配 任何 命令名称:
\{(RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL|\w+)
对于可选属性，您有 [\{]{0,1}([\w\W\s]*?)\}{0}，这是有效的尝试每个部分都是可选的.相反，我使用的是 (?> group )?(参见 非捕获组 和原子组)使整个子模式可选(使用 ? 量词).
(?>\{ ([^}]*) })?
相同的逻辑应用于文本和结束标记，使其成为可选的.
您使用 [\w\s]+ 匹配文本，它匹配单词字符和空格，但无法匹配标点符号和其他字符.我可以使用 .*? 并且它也能正常工作.但是，我使用了以下结构，它匹配相同但性能更好:
( #text:= 除{"之外的任何字符，或{"后不跟/commandname[^{]*+(?>\{(?!/?\1[{}])[^{]*)*?)
最后，我使用 \1 匹配结束标记，这是对第 1 组(开始标记名称)中匹配的文本的反向引用:
\{/\1}
<小时>
假设:
- 属性在引号中没有右大括号，例如
"te}xt" 可能会使其中断.
I am implementing a plugin code for my CMS system. Something like a shortcode but will be applicable in many scenarios. I want a case where an admin writes his code like this:
Example 1:
{COMMAND_NAME}Strings of texts that conatains htmltags,symbols,just anything{/COMMAND_NAME}
Example 2
{COMMAND_NAME}
Example 3
{COMMAND_NAME{attriute1=value attribute2=value}}
Example 4
{COMMAND_NAME{attriute1=value attribute2=value}}Strings of anything including texts, htmltags and anything at all {/COMMAND_NAME}
Regex can match the the above string. Get the COMMAND_NAME, get the text in between and get the closing {/COMMAND_NAME} from a single regex pattern.
In the regex , I want to capture the COMMAND_NAME, the attributes if provided, the text in between if the {COMMAND_NAME} has a closing {/COMMAND_NAME} and the closing {/COMMAND_NAME} if provided.
See what I've done so far and go some incomplete result.
$regex = #\{(RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL)[\{]{0,1}([\w\W\s]*?)\}{0}\}([\w\s]+)([\{/RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL]*)\}#i
$strings = '<div class="blog-list-item blog"><header class="entry-title">
<h1>Welcome to our website</h1>
</header><article id="entry-72" class="entry post-72 page et-bg-layout-dark et-white-bg"><div class="jumbotron row">
<div class="col-md-8">
<ul>
<li>You have a pending job on your neck?…</li>
<li>Do your company need a website makeover ?…</li>
<li>Or a competitive web application ? ?…</li>
<li>Do you need a customized plugin, or a tweak ?…</li>
<li>Maybe you want a personal website ?…</li>
<li>Or a graphic for your new project ?…</li>
</ul>
<div class="bg-primary well">
<h4 class="text-center text-white shadow">Track your project as we work it to perfection...</h4>
</div>
</div>
<div class="pull-right col-md-4">
<h4 class="bg-primary text-white well">Other services we offer</h4>
{ACCESS{type=500}}
<ul>
<li>SEO work for an existing website or new</li>
<li>Bulk SMS</li>
<li>E-currency exchange</li>
<li>Facebook AD</li>
<li>Google AD</li>
</ul>
{/ACCESS}</div>
{RAW{say=email,access=500}} {RAW} <a class="btn button large tall green" href="client-area">Place new Job now as we deliver at the quickest <em>reasonable time</em></a>{/RAW}</div></article></div>';
And doing a php var_dump, gives the following result:
array(5) {
[0]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(224) "{ACCESS{type=500}}
<ul>
<li>SEO work for an existing website or new</li>
<li>Bulk SMS</li>
<li>E-currency exchange</li>
<li>Facebook AD</li>
<li>Google AD</li>
</ul>
{/ACCESS}</div>
{RAW{say=email,access=500}} {RAW}"
}
[1]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(6) "ACCESS"
}
[2]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(209) "type=500}}
<ul>
<li>SEO work for an existing website or new</li>
<li>Bulk SMS</li>
<li>E-currency exchange</li>
<li>Facebook AD</li>
<li>Google AD</li>
</ul>
{/ACCESS}</div>
{RAW{say=email,access=500}"
}
[3]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(1) " "
}
[4]=>
array(1) {
[0]=>
string(4) "{RAW"
}
}
Which is actually not what i needed to retrieve.
Once again, I want to capture the COMMAND_NAME, the attributes only if provided, the text in between if the {COMMAND_NAME} has a closing {/COMMAND_NAME} and the closing {/COMMAND_NAME} if provided. That means the command can be inline {COMMAND_NAME}, or not {COMMAND_NAME} some strings {/COMMAND_NAME}, has an attribute {COMMAND_NAME{attr1=value attr2=value2}} or not.
解决方案
This regex will work as you specified:
$regex = '~
#opening tag
\{(RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL|\w+)
#optional attributes
(?>
\{ ([^}]*) }
)?
}
#optional text and closing tag
(?:
( #text:= any char except "{", or a "{" not followed by /commandname
[^{]*+
(?>\{(?!/?\1[{}])[^{]*)*+
)
#closing tag
( \{/\1} )
)?
~ix';
regex101 demo
Compared to what you had:
First of all, I used the /x modifier (at the end), which ignores whitespace and #comments.
In the opening tag, I used your options, but you may as well use \w+ to match any command name:
\{(RAW|ACCESS|DWNLINK|MODL|\w+)
For the optional attributes, you had [\{]{0,1}([\w\W\s]*?)\}{0}, which was avalid attempt to make every part optional. Instead, I'm using a (?> group )? (See non-capturing groups and atomic groups) to make the whole subpattern optional (with the ? quantifier).
(?>
\{ ([^}]*) }
)?
The same logic is applied to the text and closing tag, to make it optional.
You were using [\w\s]+ to match the text, which matches word characters and whitespace, but fails to match punctuation and other characters. I could have used .*? and it would work just as fine. However, I used the following construct, which matches the same, but performs better:
( #text:= any char except "{", or a "{" not followed by /commandname
[^{]*+
(?>\{(?!/?\1[{}])[^{]*)*?
)
And finally, I'm matching the closing tag using \1, which is a backreference to the text matched in group 1 (the opening tag name):
\{/\1}
Assumptions:
- An attribute does not have a closing brace in quotes such as
"te}xt" that could make it break.
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