rename() 仅适用于程序运行的目录? [英] rename() only works for directory that program is running in?

问题描述

我试图重命名用户指定目录中的一堆文件，但它似乎只有在用户指定运行程序的目录时才有效.例如，从命令行运行时:

I am trying to rename a bunch of files in a user specified directory, but it only seems to be working when the user specifies the directory that the program is running from. For example, when running from the command line:

./a.out .NewName.txt" 将起作用，而

./a.out .. "NewName.txt" 将不起作用.是否有一个原因?顺便说一下，它在 Linux 上.

./a.out .. "NewName.txt" will not work. Is there a reason for this? It's on Linux, by the way.

int main(int argc, char** argv){
  char* dirpath = argv[1];
  char* newName = argv[2];

  DIR *d;
  struct dirent *dir;
  d = opendir(dirpath);
  if (d){
     while ((dir = readdir(d)) != NULL){
        char* filename = dir->d_name;
        if (rename(filename,newName) == 0){
           printf("Renaming %s -> %s\n",filename,newName);               
        } else {
           printf("Could not rename %s\n",filename);
        }
     }
   }
   closedir(d);
}

我也尝试过(从桌面外部运行程序时):

I have also tried (while running the program from outside of Desktop):

 if (rename("~/Desktop/test.txt","~/Desktop/test2.txt") == 0){
    printf("Renaming %s -> %s\n",filename,newName);               
 } else {
    printf("Could not rename %s\n",filename);
 }

它仍然失败.

推荐答案

虽然 readdir() 正在从另一个目录读取文件名，但您程序的当前目录仍在不同的位置.除非您使用目录路径(以及目标文件名)作为源文件名的前缀，否则您通常会尝试重命名当前目录中不存在的文件.

While readdir() is reading file names from the other directory, your program's current directory is still in a different location. Unless you prefix the source file name with the path to the directory (and the destination file name too) you're trying to rename non-existent files in the current directory, in general.

在伪代码中:

dir = opendir(remote_directory)
foreach name from dir
    rename "remote_directory/name" to "remote_directory/othername"
end for

请注意，如果 'remote_directory' 恰好是 .，当前目录，则伪代码有效；您不需要对该代码进行特殊处理.

Note that the pseudo-code works if 'remote_directory' happens to be ., the current directory; you don't need to special-case that code.

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