REST 何时/如何取代 SOAP [英] When/how REST replaced SOAP
问题描述
我目前正在撰写有关 IT 技术等的论文，我有一章比较 REST 和 SOAP，但我找不到 REST 是如何以及何时(我指的是过去的某些事件之王)开始的(主要是在 Web 中)取代 SOAP 作为 Web 服务的技术.
I am currently writing my thesis about IT technologies etc. etc. and I have one chapter where i compare REST and SOAP, but I can not find how and when (i mean some king of events in the past) REST started (mainly in Web) to replace SOAP as technology of web services.
你能帮我解决这个问题吗?;)
Could you help me with this issue ? ;)
感谢您提供这些重要信息，但我的意思是别的.
Thank you for this important information, but i mean something else.
我想向您展示 Google Insights for Search Tool 中的图表:
I would like to show you a graph in Google Insights for Search Tool :
正如您在 2008 年看到的那样，rest api 和 soap api 的关键字搜索的交叉数量之王.所以，我想依靠一些来源(当然我没有它们)或事件/事实为什么会发生这种交叉......最近发生的事件.
As you can see in 2008 there was some king of intersection number of keywords searche for rest api and soap api. So, i would like to rely on some sources (of coures I do not have them) or events/facts why this intersection may occured... event in the recent past.
你明白我的观点吗?我知道这对这个话题来说可能是一种非常独特的方法，但我想解释一下这个肥皂和休息交换.
Do you get my point of view ? I know that could be quite unique approach to the topic, but i would like to explain of this soap and rest swap.
编辑
有人知道吗?我知道这是解决肥皂和休息 apis 主题的不同方法，但也许有人知道如何咬"这个主题；)
Does anyone have any idea? I know that is different approach to the topic of soap and rest apis but maybe someone knows how 'bite' the topic ;)
推荐答案
Representational state transfer (REST) 一词由 Roy Fielding 于 2000 年在 他的博士论文.REST 描述的 Web 架构并非特定于 Web API，但现在作为开发 Web API 的方法已经变得非常流行.SOAP 于 2003 年 6 月成为 W3C 推荐标准.所以从技术上讲，REST 是在 SOAP 之前定义的，但是 SOAP 在一段时间内是非常流行的 Web 服务开发方法，并且一开始比 REST 更流行.但随后开发人员发现 SOAP 过于臃肿，对于开发 Web 服务/API 来说过于复杂，而 REST 正好满足了他们的需求.REST 的简单性似乎使它更受欢迎，而且它遵循基本的 HTTP 原则的事实使它在异构平台上更具可移植性.因此，历史上可能没有某个里程碑或事件导致了从 SOAP 到 REST 的这种转变.这只是逐渐过渡到最适合开发人员需求的方式.
The term Representational state transfer (REST) was introduced in 2000 by Roy Fielding in his doctoral dissertation. REST described a web architecture that was not specific to web API's, but has become very popular now as a method for developing web API's. SOAP became a W3C Recommendation in June of 2003. So technically REST was defined before SOAP, but SOAP was very popular method for some time for developing web services and in the beginning more popular than REST. But then developers found that SOAP was bloated and overly complex for developing web services/API's and that REST served their needs just fine. The simplicity of REST seems to make it more popular and the fact that it adheres to basic HTTP principles makes it much more portable across heterogeneous platforms. So there is probably not a certain milestone or event in history that caused this transition from SOAP to REST. It was just a gradual transition to what worked best for developers needs.
澄清 SOAP 历史
SOAP 1.0 版实际上是由 Microsoft 于 1999 年 12 月推出的，因此这两种技术在定义时很接近.但是直到 2000 年 5 月它才被赋予 W3C 成为标准，并且直到 2003 年才成为建议书.我认为，在它成为通用标准之前，整个开发社区都不能认为它是可行的为异构环境开发 Web 服务，这是 Web 服务和 SOA 的一大承诺.在那之前，它只是可以在 Microsoft 平台上使用的东西.
SOAP version 1.0 was actually introduced by Microsoft in December of 1999, so the two technologies are close on when they were defined. But it was not given to the W3C to become a standard until May of of 2000 and was not made a Recommendation until 2003. I would argue that until it became a general standard it could not be considered by the whole development community as something viable for developing web services for a heterogeneous environment, which was one of the big promises of web services and SOA. Until that time it was just something that could be used on Microsoft platforms.
根据对 API 趋势的评论进行更新
@GarciaPL 展示的 Google Insights 图表非常有趣，我想我理解他在论文中试图展示的内容.但在得出强有力的结论时，我会谨慎对待这些数据.博客文章REST in和平，肥皂".这篇博文中更具体的可能是图表显示了 2,000 个 API 从 2008 年到 2010 年的趋势是转向 REST.此信息的原始来源是这里.这确实显示了面向公开 API 的 REST 趋势.该论文是专门针对公开 API 的使用，还是总体上针对 Web 服务开发?如果是一般的网络服务，我不太确定.对于在 Microsoft 平台上开发内部项目的开发人员来说，今天使用的术语不是 SOAP，而是 Windows Communication Foundation (WCF).尽管 SOAP 在幕后，但几乎没有必要讨论管道，因为 WCF 隐藏了很多内部结构.如果我在 rest web service"、soap web service"和wcf web service"你得到了非常不同的结果，表明它们实际上是收敛的.或者，如果您搜索 restful 服务"、soap 服务"和wcf 服务" 它实际上表明 WCF 在 2008 年接管了 REST，并逐渐兴起.
The Google Insights graph shown by @GarciaPL is very interesting and I think I understand what he is trying to show in his thesis. But I would be careful with this data in drawing strong conclusions. This same Google Insights search was shown in the blog post "REST in peace, SOAP". Probably what is more concrete in this blog post is the graph showing out of 2,000 API's the trend from 2008 to 2010 was to move to REST. The original source of this information is here. This does show a trend towards REST for publicly exposed API's. Is the thesis specifically on the use of publicly exposed API's or is it on web service development in general? If it is web services in general I am less certain. For developers on Microsoft platforms developing internal projects the term used today is not SOAP, it is Windows Communication Foundation (WCF). Although SOAP is under the hood there is little need to discuss the plumbing as WCF hides a lot of the internals. If I do a Google Insights search on "rest web service", "soap web service", and "wcf web service" you get much different results, showing them actually converging. Or if you do a search on "restful service", "soap service", and "wcf service" it actually shows WCF taking over in 2008 with a gradual uptick for REST.
对于 API 的 REST 来说意义重大，因为它们可移植、易于使用、可扩展且易于集成.对于一般的 Web 服务开发，我不太确定.我认为 WCF 仍然很受 Microsoft 开发人员的欢迎，它非常适合某些类型的项目.这只是为工作选择合适的工具的问题.我将重申我之前所说的话，我认为它们不是导致向 RESTful API 过渡的重大历史事件.我认为这只是开发人员在学习什么是适合这项工作的工具.
For API's REST makes sense because they are portable, simple to use, scalable, and easy to integrate with. For development of web services in general I am not so sure. I think WCF is still very popular with Microsoft developers and it fits well with certain types of projects. It is just a matter of picking the right tool for the job. I will reiterate what I said before, I do not think their is a significant historical event that caused the transition to RESTful API's. I think it was just developers learning what the right tool for the job was.
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