特定路由的 Flask 中间件 [英] Flask middleware for specific route

问题描述

我使用 Python Flask-RESTful 制作了 API Server.

I made API Server with Python Flask-RESTful.

我的系统使用令牌认证来验证权限.

My system use token authentication for verify permission.

所以，我添加了中间件来验证令牌.

So, I added middleware for verify token.

比如这样的代码，

[中间件.py]

class Test(object):
    def __init__(self, app):
        self.app = app

    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
        print("gogo")
        return self.app(environ, start_response)

[app.py]

from flask import Flask
from flask_restful import Api
from api.board import Article
from api.auth import Login, Register, RefreshToken
from middleware import Test


app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)

api.add_resource(Login, '/login')
api.add_resource(Register, '/register')
api.add_resource(RefreshToken, '/refresh')

# middleware here
app.wsgi_app = Test(app.wsgi_app)
api.add_resource(Article, '/article')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

我在 /article 之前插入 app.wsgi_app = Test(app.wsgi_app).

所以我希望只有访问 /article 才会打印 gogo"，但是每个路由都会打印 gogo".

So I expect that only access to /article will print "gogo", however every route print "gogo".

也许每条路由都通过中间件.

Maybe every route pass through with middleware.

如何为特定路由应用中间件?(在这段代码中，只有/article)

How can I apply middleware for specific route? (In this code, only /article)

推荐答案

有几种方法可以在特定端点之前添加自定义处理.

There are a few ways how to add custom processing before specific endpoint.

1) 使用 python 装饰器:

1) Using python decorator:

from functools import wraps

def home_decorator():
    def _home_decorator(f):
        @wraps(f)
        def __home_decorator(*args, **kwargs):
            # just do here everything what you need
            print('before home')
            result = f(*args, **kwargs)
            print('home result: %s' % result)
            print('after home')
            return result
        return __home_decorator
    return _home_decorator


@app.route('/home')
@home_decorator()
def home():
    return 'Hello'

2) 使用 before_request

@app.before_request
def hook():
    # request - flask.request
    print('endpoint: %s, url: %s, path: %s' % (
        request.endpoint,
        request.url,
        request.path))
    # just do here everything what you need...

3) 使用中间件.只需在请求路径上添加条件即可.

3) Using middleware. Just add condition on request path.

class Middleware:

    def __init__(self, app):
        self.app = app

    def __call__(self, environ, start_response):
        # not Flask request - from werkzeug.wrappers import Request
        request = Request(environ)
        print('path: %s, url: %s' % (request.path, request.url))
        # just do here everything what you need
        return self.app(environ, start_response)


@app.route('/home')
def home():
    return 'Hello'


app.wsgi_app = Middleware(app.wsgi_app)

4) 您也可以使用 before_request_funcs 来设置特定蓝图之前的函数列表.

4) Also you can use before_request_funcs to set list of functions before specific blueprint.

api = Blueprint('my_blueprint', __name__)


def before_my_blueprint():
    print(111)


@api.route('/test')
def test():
    return 'hi'


app.before_request_funcs = {
    # blueprint name: [list_of_functions]
    'my_blueprint': [before_my_blueprint]
}

app.register_blueprint(api)

希望这会有所帮助.

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