红宝石 |找到一种方法在同一个单词上找到一个例外来大写 [英] RUBY | Find a way to find an exception on the same word to capitalize

问题描述

def titleize(string)

nocaps = ["the","and"]
puts string.split(" ").map { |word| nocaps.include?(word) ? word : word.capitalize }.join(" ")

end

titleize("the bridge over the river kwai")
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
######Render => "the Bridge Over the River Kwai"

######Expected rendering => "The Bridge Over the River Kwai"

你好，我向你展示了我的一段代码，渲染给出了《桂河大桥》虽然我想《桂河大桥》所以想找个方法，在同一个词上找到异常.

Hello i present you my piece of code, the rendering gives "the Bridge Over the River Kwai" While I would like "The Bridge Over the River Kwai" So I would like to find a way to find an exception on the same word.

推荐答案

一种方式如下.

def titleize(str, little_words)
  str.downcase.split.map.with_index do |word,i|
    little_words.include?(word) && i > 0 ? word : word.capitalize
  end.join(" ")
end

str = "the briDge over   The river kwai"    

titleize(str, ["the", "and"])
  #=> "The Bridge Over the River Kwai"

这是直接对字符串进行操作的第二种方法(而不是将其转换为数组或单词，对这些单词执行替换然后加入结果数组):

Here's a second way that operates on the string directly (rather than converting it to an array or words, perform substitutions for those words and then joining the resulting array):

def titleize(str, little_words)
  str.downcase.gsub(/(?<= )\p{L}+/) do |s|
    little_words.include?(s) ? s : s.capitalize
  end
end

titleize(str, ["the", "and"])
  #=> "The Bridge Over   the River Kwai"

请注意，此方法会在 str 中保留单词之间的额外空格.

Notice that this method preserves extra spaces between words in str.

正则表达式读取，匹配一个或多个 Unicode 字母 (\p{L}+)(贪婪地)".

The regular expression reads, "match one or more Unicode letters (\p{L}+) (greedily) preceded by a space".

一个变体是将所有不在 little_words 中的单词大写，然后将结果字符串的第一个字符大写:

A variant of this is to capitalize all words not in little_words and then capitalize the first character of the resulting string:

def titleize(str, little_words)
  str.downcase.gsub(/\p{L}+/) do |s|
    little_words.include?(s) ? s : s.capitalize
  end.tap { |s| s[0] = s[0].upcase }
end

请参阅Object#tap.

如果 little_words 包含许多单词，则可以通过首先将该数组转换为集合 little_words_set(require 'set'; little_words_set = little_words.to_set) 然后替换 little_words_set 现在出现 little_words 的地方.

If little_words contains many words the methods could be sped up by first converting that array to a set little_words_set (require 'set'; little_words_set = little_words.to_set) and then substituting little_words_set wherever little_words now appears.

这可以通过从@Todd 的回答中获取一个页面来改进:将 downcase 替换为 capitalize，从而无需 tap 子句.

This can be improved upon by taking a page from @Todd's answer: replace downcase with capitalize, obviating the need for the tap clause.

注意little词是出版业中使用的一个术语.

Note that little words is a term used in the publishing industry.

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