如何在 UTF-8 字符上使用 String 方法? [英] How do I use String methods on UTF-8 characters?

问题描述

如何在 UTF-8 字符上使用 String 方法?

How do I use String methods on UTF-8 characters?

例如，我有一个包含 Cyrillic 字符的字符串，所以当我使用 string.upcase 时它不起作用.

For example, I have a string with Cyrillic characters, so when I use string.upcase it doesn't work.

推荐答案

Ruby 仅支持字母 A–Z 和 a–z.

Ruby only supports case conversions on the letters A–Z and a–z.

原因很简单，其他字母的大小写转换没有明确定义.例如，在土耳其语中 'I'.downcase # =>'ı' 和 'i'.upcase # =>'İ'，但在法语 'I'.downcase # =>'i' 和 'i'.upcase # =>'我'.Ruby 不仅要知道字符编码，还要知道正确编码的语言.

The reason for this is simply that case conversions for other letters aren't well defined. For example, in Turkish 'I'.downcase # => 'ı' and 'i'.upcase # => 'İ', but in French 'I'.downcase # => 'i' and 'i'.upcase # => 'I'. Ruby would have to know not only the character encoding, but also the language to do that correctly.

更糟糕的是，在德语中

'MASSE'.downcase

是要么

'maße'   # "measurements"
'masse'  # "mass"

换句话说:你需要真正理解文本，即你需要一个成熟的人工智能，才能正确地进行大小写转换.

In other words: you need to actually understand the text, i.e. you need a full-blown AI, to do case conversions correctly.

而且我自己实际上偶然构造了一个句子，即使对于人类来说也是不可判定的.

And I myself have actually accidentally constructed a sentence once, which was undecidable even for a human.

简而言之:完全不可能正确执行，这就是为什么 Ruby 根本不这样做.但是，有第三方库，例如 Unicode 库和 ActiveSupport，它们确实支持更大的字符子集.

In short: it's simply impossible to do correctly, which is why Ruby doesn't do it at all. There are third-party libraries, however, like the Unicode library and ActiveSupport, which do support a somewhat larger subset of characters.

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