安排 Rails 任务在特定时间运行 [英] Schedule Rails Task to run at a certain time

问题描述

我目前正在创建一个 rails 应用程序，并想了解如何安排某些任务在特定时间运行.

I'm currently creating a rails application and would like to find out how to schedule certain tasks to run at a specific time.

例如管理员希望在早上 8:00 向他的用户发送电子邮件，并且不想为了发送该电子邮件而早起.因此，他/她会想要安排任务在那个时间发送电子邮件.

For e.g. An admin would want to send emails to his users at 8:00am in the morning and does not want to wake up early just to send that email. Therefore, he/she would want to schedule the task to send emails at that time.

那么，有没有一种方法，或者最好还是一个 gem，允许将任务安排在特定时间运行?谢谢！

So, is there a way, or better still a gem, that allows tasks to be scheduled to run at a specific time? Thanks!

推荐答案

我的首选解决方案是 Whenever 宝石.

My preferred solution here is the Whenever gem.

有了它，你就有了 schedule.rb 文件，它指定什么时候应该完成某些事情，包括运行 rake 任务、执行方法，甚至执行任意 shell 命令:

With it, you have schedule.rb file, which specifies when certain things should be done, including running rake tasks, executing methods, or even executing arbitrary shell commands:

示例 schedule.rb 文件，无耻地从 Every readme 复制而来:

Example schedule.rb file, shamelessly copied from the Whenever readme:

every 3.hours do
  runner "MyModel.some_process"
  rake "my:rake:task"
  command "/usr/bin/my_great_command"
end

every 1.day, :at => '4:30 am' do
  runner "MyModel.task_to_run_at_four_thirty_in_the_morning"
end

every :hour do # Many shortcuts available: :hour, :day, :month, :year, :reboot
  runner "SomeModel.ladeeda"
end

every :sunday, :at => '12pm' do # Use any day of the week or :weekend, :weekday
  runner "Task.do_something_great"
end

every '0 0 27-31 * *' do
  command "echo 'you can use raw cron syntax too'"
end

# run this task only on servers with the :app role in Capistrano
# see Capistrano roles section below
every :day, :at => '12:20am', :roles => [:app] do
  rake "app_server:task"
end

我使用 When 来完成许多任务，包括每天发送电子邮件.

I use Whenever for a number of tasks, including sending daily emails.

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