我如何“随机"选择对特定数字具有指定偏差的数字 [英] How do I "randomly" select numbers with a specified bias toward a particular number

问题描述

如何生成对一个数字具有指定偏差的随机数.例如，我将如何在两个数字 1 和 2 之间进行选择，其中 90% 偏向于 1.我能想到的最好的方法是...

How do I generate random numbers with a specified bias toward one number. For example, how would I pick between two numbers, 1 and 2, with a 90% bias toward 1. The best I can come up with is...

import random

print random.choice([1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 2])

有没有更好的方法来做到这一点?我展示的方法适用于简单的示例，但最终我将不得不使用非常具体的偏差(例如 37.65% 偏差)进行更复杂的选择，这需要很长的列表.

Is there a better way to do this? The method I showed works in simple examples but eventually I'll have to do more complicated selections with biases that are very specific (such as 37.65% bias) which would require a very long list.

我应该补充一点，我被困在 numpy 1.6 上，所以我不能使用 numpy.random.choice.

I should have added that I'm stuck on numpy 1.6 so I can't use numpy.random.choice.

推荐答案

np.random.choice 有一个 p 参数，你可以用它来指定选择的概率:

np.random.choice has a p parameter which you can use to specify the probability of the choices:

np.random.choice([1,2], p=[0.9, 0.1])

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