在 sed 命令和范围地址中使用不同的分隔符 [英] Using different delimiters in sed commands and range addresses
问题描述
我在 shell 脚本中使用 sed 来编辑文件系统路径名.假设我想替换
I am using sed in a shell script to edit filesystem path names. Suppose I want to replace
/foo/bar
与
/baz/qux
然而，sed 的 s/// 命令使用正斜杠 / 作为分隔符.如果我这样做，我会看到发出的错误消息，例如:
However, sed's s/// command uses the forward slash / as the delimiter. If I do that, I see an error message emitted, like:
▶ sed 's//foo/bar//baz/qux//' FILE
sed: 1: "s//foo/bar//baz/qux//": bad flag in substitute command: 'b'
同样，有时我想选择行范围，例如模式 foo/bar 和 baz/qux 之间的行.同样，我不能这样做:
Similarly, sometimes I want to select line ranges, such as the lines between a pattern foo/bar and baz/qux. Again, I can't do this:
▶ sed '/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d' FILE
sed: 1: "/foo/bar/,/baz/qux/d": undefined label 'ar/,/baz/qux/d'
我能做什么?
推荐答案
您可以通过反斜杠将替代正则表达式分隔符用作搜索模式:
You can use an alternative regex delimiter as a search pattern by backslashing it:
sed '\,some/path,d'
并按原样用于 s 命令:
And just use it as is for the s command:
sed 's,some/path,other/path,'
不过，您可能想保护其他元字符；这是使用 Perl 和 quotemeta 或其他脚本语言中的等价物的好地方.
You probably want to protect other metacharacters, though; this is a good place to use Perl and quotemeta, or equivalents in other scripting languages.
来自man sed:
/regexp/
匹配匹配正则表达式regexp的行.
\cregexpc
匹配与正则表达式 regexp 匹配的行.c 可以是除反斜杠或换行符以外的任何字符.
\cregexpc
Match lines matching the regular expression regexp. The c may be any character other than backslash or newline.
s/正则表达式/替换/标志
用替换字符串替换模式空间中正则表达式的第一个实例.可以使用除反斜杠或换行符以外的任何字符代替斜杠来分隔 RE 和替换.在 RE 和替换中，如果前面有反斜杠，则 RE 定界符本身可以用作文字字符.
s/regular expression/replacement/flags
Substitute the replacement string for the first instance of the regular expression in the pattern space. Any character other than backslash or newline can be used instead of a slash to delimit the RE and the replacement. Within the RE and the replacement, the RE delimiter itself can be used as a literal character if it is preceded by a backslash.
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