通过环境属性实现Spring服务 [英] Spring service implementation by environment property

问题描述

我有一个服务接口

interface ImageSearchService {//方法...}

我有 2 个实现:

@Service类 GoogleImageSearchImpl 实现 ImageSearchService {//方法...}@服务类 AzureImageSearchImpl 实现 ImageSearchService {//方法...}

而且我有一个控制器来使用两者之一:

@Controller图像搜索控制器 {@自动连线ImageSearchService 图像搜索；//谷歌还是 Azure ?!?}

如何使用 Environment API 设置正确的一个实现?

如果环境属性是 my.search.impl=google spring 需要使用 GoogleImageSearchImpl，或者如果环境 my.search.impl=google> spring 需要使用 AzureImageSearchImpl.

解决方案

您可以使用 Spring Profiles 来实现这一点.

接口 ImageSearchService {}类 GoogleImageSearchImpl 实现 ImageSearchService {}类 AzureImageSearchImpl 实现 ImageSearchService {}

请注意，@Service 注释已从两个实现类中删除，因为我们将动态实例化它们.

然后，在您的配置中执行以下操作:

<beans profile="azure"><bean class="AzureImageSearchImpl"/></豆类><beans profile="google"><bean class="GoogleImageSearchImpl"/></豆类></beans>

如果您使用 Java 配置:

@Configuration@Profile("天蓝色")公共类 AzureConfiguration {@豆角，扁豆公共 ImageSearchService imageSearchService() {返回新的 AzureImageSearchImpl();}}@配置@Profile("谷歌")公共类 GoogleConfiguration {@豆角，扁豆公共 ImageSearchService imageSearchService() {返回新的 GoogleImageSearchImpl();}}

运行应用程序时，通过设置变量 spring.profiles.active 的值来选择要运行的配置文件.您可以将其作为 -Dspring.profiles.active=azure 传递给 JVM，将其配置为环境变量等.

此处是一个示例应用程序，展示了 Spring Profiles 的运行情况.>

I have a service interface

interface ImageSearchService {
   // methods...
}

And I have 2 implementations:

@Service
class GoogleImageSearchImpl implements ImageSearchService {
   // methods...
}

@Service
class AzureImageSearchImpl implements ImageSearchService {
   // methods...
}

And I have a controller to use one of the both:

@Controller
ImageSearchController {

    @Autowired
    ImageSearchService imageSearch; // Google or Azure ?!?

}

How can I use a Environment API to set the right one implementation?

If environment property is my.search.impl=google spring needs to use GoogleImageSearchImpl, or if environment my.search.impl=google spring needs to use AzureImageSearchImpl.

解决方案

You can achieve this using Spring Profiles.

interface ImageSearchService {}

class GoogleImageSearchImpl implements ImageSearchService {}

class AzureImageSearchImpl implements ImageSearchService {}

Note that the @Service annotation has been removed from both the implementation classes because we will instantiate these dynamically.

Then, in your configuration do this:

<beans>
  <beans profile="azure">
    <bean class="AzureImageSearchImpl"/>
  </beans>
  <beans profile="google">
    <bean class="GoogleImageSearchImpl"/>
  </beans>
</beans>

If you use Java configuration:

@Configuration
@Profile("azure")
public class AzureConfiguration {
  @Bean
  public ImageSearchService imageSearchService() {
    return new AzureImageSearchImpl();
  }
}

@Configuration
@Profile("google")
public class GoogleConfiguration {
  @Bean
  public ImageSearchService imageSearchService() {
    return new GoogleImageSearchImpl();
  }
}

When running the application, select the profile you want to run as by setting the value for the variable spring.profiles.active. You can pass it to the JVM as -Dspring.profiles.active=azure, configure it as an environment variable, etc.

Here is a sample application that shows Spring Profiles in action.

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