在 spyder 中导入第二个库时出现 KeyError/frozen importlib._bootstrap 错误 [英] KeyError / frozen importlib._bootstrap error on second library import in spyder

问题描述

我收到一个

File " <frozen importlib._bootstrap_external> ", line 978, in _get_parent_path    
KeyError: 'python_library'

当我在 spyder 中第二次从子文件夹导入库时出错，但第一次(重新启动 spyder 后)或在 spyder 之外它工作正常.

error when I import a library from a subfolder the second time in spyder, but the first time (after restarting spyder) or outside of spyder it works fine.

代码是:

from python_library.tools.test_lib import test_func    
test_func()

其中 test_lib.py 很简单

where test_lib.py is simply

def test_func():    
    print('Hello!')

输出为:

runfile('/home/user/Desktop/test.py', wdir='/home/user/Desktop')
Hello!

runfile('/home/user/Desktop/test.py', wdir='/home/user/Desktop')    
Reloaded modules: python_library, python_library.tools.test_lib
Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "< ipython-input-2-e750fd08988c >", line 1, in <module>   
    runfile('/home/user/Desktop/test.py', wdir='/home/user/Desktop')

  File "/home/user/anaconda3/envs/qutip/lib/python3.6/site-packages/spyder_kernels/customize/spydercustomize.py", line 678, in runfile    
    execfile(filename, namespace)

  File "/home/user/anaconda3/envs/qutip/lib/python3.6/site-packages/spyder_kernels/customize/spydercustomize.py", line 106, in execfile
    exec(compile(f.read(), filename, 'exec'), namespace)

  File "/home/user/Desktop/test.py", line 1, in <module>
    from python_library.tools.test_lib import test_func

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 971, in _find_and_load

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 951, in _find_and_load_unlocked

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 894, in _find_spec

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1157, in find_spec

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 1123, in _get_spec

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 994, in __iter__

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 982, in _recalculate

  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 978, in _get_parent_path

KeyError: 'python_library'

当库不在子文件夹中时不会发生错误，即

The error does not occur when the library is not in a subfolder i.e.

from python_library.test_lib2 import test_func

经常任意运行.但是我有足够的功能，没有子文件夹会很烦人.

runs arbitrarily often. However I have enough functions that not having subfolders would be very annoying.

这是在 spyder-3.3.2 中出现的，但在 spyder 版本 3.3.0-py36_1 之前也发生过.python版本是3.6.4.，spyder是通过anaconda安装和更新的，'python_library'是通过setup.py安装的(setuptools版本40.6.3，39.2.0-py36_0版本也有).

This was with spyder-3.3.2, but it also occurred earlier with spyder version 3.3.0-py36_1. The python version is 3.6.4., spyder is installed and updated via anaconda and the 'python_library' was installed via setup.py (setuptools version 40.6.3, also occurred with version 39.2.0-py36_0).

注意:同样的错误出现在问题中如何解决导入python时出现KeyError模块?但这个问题没有答案，也没有间谍标签.

Note: The same error occurred in question How do I solve a KeyError when importing a python module? but that question has no answer, and also no spyder tag.

推荐答案

解决办法是子文件夹tools里没有空的__init__.py文件，只有超文件夹python_library.将文件 __init__.py 添加到工具中使其工作.

The solution was that there was no empty __init__.py file in the sub-folder tools, only in the super-folder python_library. Adding a file __init__.py into tools made it work.

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