逐行比较两个文件并在另一个文件中生成差异 [英] Compare two files line by line and generate the difference in another file

问题描述

我想比较文件 1 和文件 2 并生成一个文件 3，其中包含文件 1 中文件 2 中不存在的行.

I want to compare file1 with file2 and generate a file3 which contains the lines in file1 which are not present in file2.

推荐答案

diff(1) 不是答案，但 comm(1) 是.

diff(1) is not the answer, but comm(1) is.

NAME
       comm - compare two sorted files line by line

SYNOPSIS
       comm [OPTION]... FILE1 FILE2

...

       -1     suppress lines unique to FILE1

       -2     suppress lines unique to FILE2

       -3     suppress lines that appear in both files

所以

comm -2 -3 file1 file2 > file3

输入文件必须排序.如果不是，请先对它们进行排序.这可以通过临时文件来完成，或者...

The input files must be sorted. If they are not, sort them first. This can be done with a temporary file, or...

comm -2 -3 <(sort file1) <(sort file2) > file3

前提是你的 shell 支持进程替换(bash 支持).

provided that your shell supports process substitution (bash does).

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