无法在 Spring Boot Test 1.4 中找到 SpringBootConfiguration [英] Unable to find a SpringBootConfiguration in Spring Boot Test 1.4

问题描述

我无法在 spring boot 1.4 中运行简单的测试.我按照官方网站的教程 testing-the-spring-mvc-slice 但我没有让它工作.

I'm not able to run a simple test in spring boot 1.4. I followed the tutorial from the official site testing-the-spring-mvc-slice but I didn't get it to work.

每次我收到以下错误:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Unable to find a @SpringBootConfiguration, you need to use @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest(classes=...) with your test

任何想法，提示?

提前致谢

这是控制器

@Controller
public class UserManagementController {

@GetMapping(value = "/gs/users/getUsers")
    public @ResponseBody String getAllUsers() {
        return "test";
    }
}

这是测试

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@WebMvcTest(UserManagementController.class)
public class UserManagementControllerTest {

    @Autowired
    private MockMvc mvc;

    @Test
    public void showUserView() throws Exception {
        this.mvc.perform(get("/gs/users/getUsers"))
            .andExpect(status().isOk())
            .andDo(print());
    }
}

在我看来，它与网站上的这篇文章完全一样.

From my point of view it's exactly the same like this post from the site.

@WebMvcTest 会做:

• 自动配置 Spring MVC、Jackson、Gson、消息转换器等
• 加载相关组件(@Controller、@RestController、@JsonComponent 等)
• 配置 MockMVC

现在为什么我需要配置一个超级"类

now why i need to configure a "super" class

推荐答案

搜索算法从包含测试的包开始直到找到 @SpringBootApplication 或 @SpringBootConfiguration注释类.只要您以合理的方式构建代码通常找到您的主要配置的方式.

The search algorithm works up from the package that contains the test until it finds a @SpringBootApplication or @SpringBootConfiguration annotated class. As long as you’ve structure your code in a sensible way your main configuration is usually found.

所以你已经用 @*Test 注释了你的测试.它运行，检查子类中的配置，没有找到，抛出异常.

So you have annotated your test with @*Test. It run, checked for configuration in subclasses, haven't found any, thrown an exception.

你必须在测试类的包或子包中有一个配置或直接将配置类传递给@ContextConfiguration或@SpringBootTest或用注释类@SpringBootApplication.

You have to have a config in a package or subpackage of test class or directly pass config class to @ContextConfiguration or @SpringBootTest or have class annotated with @SpringBootApplication.

根据@SpringBootApplication.我已经按照您在 @WebMvcTest 中提到的方式测试了控制器:如果应用程序的类注释为 @SpringBootApplication，它就可以工作，如果没有，则失败并出现您提到的异常.你提到的那篇文章有备注:

According to @SpringBootApplication. I have tested controller in way you have mentioned with @WebMvcTest: it works if application has class annotated as @SpringBootApplication and fails with exception you've mentioned if not. There is remark it the article you mentioned:

在这个例子中，我们省略了类，这意味着测试将首先尝试从任何内部类加载 @Configuration，如果失败，它将搜索您的主要 @SpringBootApplication班级.

In this example, we’ve omitted classes which means that the test will first attempt to load @Configuration from any inner-classes, and if that fails, it will search for your primary @SpringBootApplication class.

Github 讨论关于同一点.

Github discussion about the same point.

Spring Boot 文档

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