无法在 Spring Boot 测试中注入 @Service [英] Unable to inject a @Service in a Spring Boot Test

问题描述

将@Service 注入@SpringBootTest(Spring Boot 2 应用程序的一部分)时，我收到空指针异常.这是 Service 类的骨架:

I'm receiving a Null Pointer Exception when injecting a @Service into a @SpringBootTest (part of a Spring Boot 2 application). Here is the skeleton of the Service class:

@Service
public class CustomerService {

    public Customer insertCustomer(Customer customer){
        /* Logic here */ 
        return  customer;

    }

}

和测试类:

@SpringBootTest
public class CustomerTest {


   @Autowired
   CustomerService service;

   @Test
    public void testDiscount() {
        Customer customer1 = new Customer("ABC"); 
        service.insertCustomer(customer1);   
        assertEquals(5, customer1.getDiscount());
    }

}

我是否错过了测试类中的任何其他注释以使其正常工作?谢谢

Do I miss any other annotation in the test class to make it working? Thanks

推荐答案

您应该在测试类级别添加 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 以加载所有必需的 bean.还要确保你的包名避免 @ComponentScan 注释.

You should add @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) at test class level to load all necessary beans. And also make sure your package name to avoid @ComponentScan annotation.

所以你可以这样做:

在src/main/java下

package com.customer.service;

@Service
public class CustomerService {

   public Customer insertCustomer(Customer customer) {
        /* Logic here */ 
        return  customer;
   }
}

在src/test/java下

package com.customer.service;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class CustomerTest {

   @Autowired
   CustomerService service;

   @Test
   public void testDiscount() {
        Customer customer1 = new Customer("ABC"); 
        service.insertCustomer(customer1);   
        assertEquals(5, customer1.getDiscount());
   }
}

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