SQL Server:如何优化“喜欢"查询? [英] SQL Server: how to optimize "like" queries?

问题描述

我有一个查询，它使用带有通配符的like"来搜索客户端.例如:

I have a query that searches for clients using "like" with wildcard. For example:

SELECT TOP (10) 
       [t0].[CLIENTNUMBER], 
       [t0].[FIRSTNAME], 
       [t0].[LASTNAME], 
       [t0].[MI], 
       [t0].[MDOCNUMBER]
  FROM [dbo].[CLIENT] AS [t0]
 WHERE (LTRIM(RTRIM([t0].[DOCREVNO])) = '0') 
   AND ([t0].[FIRSTNAME] LIKE '%John%') 
   AND ([t0].[LASTNAME] LIKE '%Smith%') 
   AND ([t0].[SSN] LIKE '%123%') 
   AND ([t0].[CLIENTNUMBER] LIKE '%123%') 
   AND ([t0].[MDOCNUMBER] LIKE '%123%') 
   AND ([t0].[CLIENTINDICATOR] = 'ON')

它也可以在where"子句中使用较少的参数，例如:

It can also use less parameters in "where" clause, for example:

SELECT TOP (10) 
       [t0].[CLIENTNUMBER], 
       [t0].[FIRSTNAME], 
       [t0].[LASTNAME], 
       [t0].[MI], 
       [t0].[MDOCNUMBER]
  FROM [dbo].[CLIENT] AS [t0]
 WHERE (LTRIM(RTRIM([t0].[DOCREVNO])) = '0') 
   AND ([t0].[FIRSTNAME] LIKE '%John%') 
   AND ([t0].[CLIENTINDICATOR] = 'ON')

谁能说出优化此类查询性能的最佳方法是什么?也许我需要创建一个索引?此表在生产中最多可以有 1000K 条记录.

Can anybody tell what is the best way to optimize performance of such query? Maybe I need to create an index? This table can have up to 1000K records in production.

推荐答案

要为模式具有 '%XXX%' 形式的 LIKE 做很多事情，你想查询SQL Server的全文索引能力，用CONTAINS代替LIKE.按原样，您正在执行全表扫描，因为普通索引不会帮助搜索以通配符开头的项目 - 但全文索引会.

To do much for a LIKE where the pattern has the form '%XXX%', you want to look up SQL Server's full-text indexing capability, and use CONTAINS instead of LIKE. As-is, you're doing a full table scan, because a normal index won't help with a search for an item that starts with a wild card -- but a full-text index will.

/* ... */
 WHERE (LTRIM(RTRIM([t0].[DOCREVNO])) = '0') 
   AND (contains([t0].[FIRSTNAME], 'John')) 
   AND (contains([t0].[LASTNAME], 'Smith')) 
   AND (contains([t0].[SSN], '123'))
   AND (contains([t0].[CLIENTNUMBER],'123')) 
   AND (contains([t0].[MDOCNUMBER], '123')) 
   AND ([t0].[CLIENTINDICATOR] = 'ON')

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