如何从一组名称中的 SQL Server 2000-2008 中的多个表中选择列名称 [英] How to select column names from multiple tables in SQL Server 2000-2008 that are in a set of names

问题描述

如果我有一组这样的名字:

If I have a set of names like this:

('first', 'fname', 'firstname', 'namef', 'namefirst', 'name')

在 SQL Server 2000 - 2008 中检索包含上述特定数据库列名的不同表名的最佳方法是什么?

What is the best method in SQL Server 2000 - 2008 to retrieve the distinct table names that contain column names in the above set for a specific database?

我想从显示的表列表中排除系统表和临时表.

And I wanted to exclude system table and temp tables from the list of tables that are displayed.

SELECT so.name
FROM   sysobjects so
       INNER JOIN syscolumns sc
            ON  so.id = sc.id
WHERE  sc.name IN ('first', 'fname', 'firstname', 'namef', 'namefirst', 'name')

这是这个问题的衍生 我相信.

谢谢

推荐答案

对于 SQL Server 2005 及更高版本

对于较新版本的 SQL Server 的 FWIW 我更喜欢目录视图而不是 INFORMATION_SCHEMA，原因在这篇博文中列出:

For SQL Server 2005 and above

FWIW for newer versions of SQL Server I prefer the catalog views over INFORMATION_SCHEMA for the reasons outlined in this blog post:

针对INFORMATION_SCHEMA的案例观看次数

The case against INFORMATION_SCHEMA views

另请参阅关于主题 TABLES (Transact-SQL) 的警告 在 MSDN 上:

Also see warnings like this one on the topic TABLES (Transact-SQL) on MSDN:

不要使用 INFORMATION_SCHEMA 视图来确定对象的架构.查找对象架构的唯一可靠方法是查询 sys.objects 目录视图.INFORMATION_SCHEMA 视图可能不完整，因为它们并未针对所有新功能进行更新.

Do not use INFORMATION_SCHEMA views to determine the schema of an object. The only reliable way to find the schema of an object is to query the sys.objects catalog view. INFORMATION_SCHEMA views could be incomplete since they are not updated for all new features.

因此，我将使用的查询如下(过滤掉系统对象并在您使用 tempdb 时避免使用 #temp 表):

So the query I would use would be as follows (filtering out system objects and also avoiding #temp tables in the event you're in tempdb):

SELECT t.name, c.name
  FROM sys.tables AS t
  INNER JOIN sys.columns AS c
  ON t.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
  WHERE c.name IN (N'name', N'firstname', etc.)
  AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
  AND t.name NOT LIKE '#%';

要对所有数据库重复此操作:

To repeat this for all databases:

DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(MAX) = N'';

SELECT @sql += N'
  UNION ALL SELECT db = N''' + name + ''', 
    t.name COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI, 
    c.name COLLATE Latin1_General_CI_AI
  FROM ' + QUOTENAME(name) + '.sys.tables AS t
  INNER JOIN ' + QUOTENAME(name) + 'sys.columns AS c
  ON t.[object_id] = c.[object_id]
  WHERE c.name IN (N''name'', N''firstname'', etc.)
  AND t.is_ms_shipped = 0
  AND t.name NOT LIKE ''#%'''
FROM sys.databases
-- WHERE ... -- probably don't need system databases at least

SELECT @sql = STUFF(@sql, 1, 18, '') 
  -- you may have to adjust  ^^ 18 based on copy/paste, cr/lf, tabs etc.
  + ' ORDER BY by db, s.name, o.name';

EXEC sp_executesql @sql;

(COLLATE 子句用于防止在数据库具有不同排序规则的情况下出错.)

(The COLLATE clauses are there to prevent errors in the case where you have databases with different collations.)

请注意，上述内容对 SQL Server 2000 没有帮助，但我认为您不应该将能够在每个版本上运行相同的查询作为目标.SQL Server 2000 已经有 13 年的历史了，而且已经有好几年没有支持了；当然，您可以证明拥有特殊代码是合理的.在这种情况下，我仍然会选择您对 INFORMATION_SCHEMA 的查询，只需过滤掉系统对象和临时表(同样，仅与您在 tempdb 中的情况相关):

Note that the above doesn't help for SQL Server 2000, but I don't think you should make it a goal to be able to run the same query on every single version. SQL Server 2000 is 13 years old and several years out of support; surely you can justify having special code for it. In which case I would still choose the query you have over INFORMATION_SCHEMA, just filter out system objects and temp tables (again, only relevant in the event you're in tempdb):

SELECT [object] = so.name, [column] = sc.name, 
  [type]  = st.name,   [precision] = st.xprec, 
  [scale] = st.xscale, st.length
FROM sysobjects AS so
INNER JOIN syscolumns AS sc
ON  so.id = sc.id
INNER JOIN systypes AS st
ON sc.xtype = st.xtype
WHERE sc.name IN 
  (N'first', N'fname', N'firstname', N'namef', N'namefirst', N'name')
AND so.name NOT LIKE '#%'
AND OBJECTPROPERTY(so.id, 'IsMsShipped') = 0;

您也可以对 SQL Server 2000 中的每个数据库执行此操作，但是由于您不能使用 NVARCHAR(MAX)，您将不得不使用游标、一堆变量，或者极不推荐的 sp_msforeachdb.

You can do this for each database in SQL Server 2000 too, but since you can't use NVARCHAR(MAX) you will either have to use a cursor, a bunch of variables, or the highly not-recommended sp_msforeachdb.

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