从 Python 子进程执行 shell 脚本 [英] execute a shell-script from Python subprocess

问题描述

我需要从 python 调用一个 shellscript.问题是 shellscript 会一路问几个问题，直到它完成.

I need to call a shellscript from python. The problem is that the shellscript will ask a couple of questions along the way until it is finished.

我找不到使用 subprocess 的方法！(使用 pexpect 似乎有点过头了，因为我只需要启动它并向它发送几个 YES)

I can't find a way to do so using subprocess! (using pexpect seems a bit over-kill since I only need to start it and send a couple of YES to it)

请不要建议需要修改 shell 脚本的方法！

推荐答案

使用 subprocess 库，你可以告诉 Popen 类你想管理标准输入过程如下:

Using the subprocess library, you can tell the Popen class that you want to manage the standard input of the process like this:

import subprocess
shellscript = subprocess.Popen(["shellscript.sh"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE)

现在 shellscript.stdin 是一个类似文件的对象，您可以在其上调用 write:

Now shellscript.stdin is a file-like object on which you can call write:

shellscript.stdin.write("yes\n")
shellscript.stdin.close()
returncode = shellscript.wait()   # blocks until shellscript is done

您还可以通过设置 stdout=subprocess.PIPE 和 stderr=subprocess.PIPE 来从进程中获取标准输出和标准错误，但是您不应该使用 PIPEs 用于标准输入和标准输出，因为可能导致死锁.(请参阅文档.)如果您需要输入和输出，请使用communicate 方法而不是类似文件的对象:

You can also get standard out and standard error from a process by setting stdout=subprocess.PIPE and stderr=subprocess.PIPE, but you shouldn't use PIPEs for both standard input and standard output, because deadlock could result. (See the documentation.) If you need to pipe in and pipe out, use the communicate method instead of the file-like objects:

shellscript = subprocess.Popen(["shellscript.sh"], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
stdout, stderr = shellscript.communicate("yes\n")   # blocks until shellscript is done
returncode = shellscript.returncode

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