C 系统函数导致错误 'sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected ' [英] C system function causes error 'sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected '

问题描述

我在 Linux 上用 C 语言编写了一个简单的程序来删除目录中除了名为 svn 的所有文件，如下所示:

I wrote a simple program in C on Linux to delete all the files in a directory except one called svn like this:

  1 #include <stdio.h>
  2 
  3 int main()
  4 {
  5     system("rm !(svn)");
  6     return 0;
  7 }

但是当我编译并运行它时，终端说:sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected

But when I compile and run it, the terminal says: sh: Syntax error: "(" unexpected

但是，当我直接在终端中键入并运行命令时，一切都正确完成.有什么想法吗?

However, when I type and run the command in the terminal directly, all things are done correctly. Any ideas?

推荐答案

答案是不要使用 system.使用 Linux 系统调用列出目录中的文件并使用 unlink() 删除它们.类似的东西:

The answer is don't use system. Use the Linux system calls to list the files in the directory and remove them using unlink(). Something like:

DIR* dirHandle = opendir(dirName);
struct dirent* dirEntry;
while ((dirEntry = readdir(dirHandle)) != NULL)
{
    if (strcmp(dirEntry->d_name, "svn") != 0)
    {
        unlink(dirEntry->d_name);
    }
}

警告:省略所有错误处理，未编译和测试，readdir 可能返回 . 和 .. 也不需要删除.

Warning: all error handling omitted, not compiled and tested, readdir might return . and .. which also need to be not deleted.

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