更改 <TEST>在 yaml 文件 python 中 [英] Change <TEST> in a yaml file python
问题描述
我必须在 yaml 文件中替换这些标签.
过去被替换的数据存储在一个列表中.
我有这个 YAML 文件
I have to replace tags like these in a yaml file.
The data that used to be replaced is stored in a list.
I have this YAML file
vagrantfile:
target: local
vm:
provider:
local:
box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_version: '0'
chosen_virtualizer: <virtualiser> # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
virtualizers:
virtualbox:
modifyvm:
natdnshostresolver1: false
showgui: 0
vmware:
numvcpus: 1
parallels:
use_linked_clone: 0
check_guest_tools: 0
update_guest_tools: 0
machines:
vflm_7orc03npv15g:
id: <ID> # STRING
hostname: <HOSTNAME> # STRING
network:
private_network: <IP-ADDRESS> #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
forwarded_port:
hon1d:
host: '80'
guest: '80'
memory: '<MEGABYTES>' # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
cpus: '<CORES>' # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES
我该怎么做才能更改所有这些标签?
What can I do to change al these tags?
推荐答案
您应该在 YAML 级别执行此操作，以确保如果您的替换强制引用结果字符串，这确实发生了.例如.如果您的 @abc 的内容，则 YAML 文件中的实际行需要变为
You should do this at the level of YAML, just to make sure that if your substitution forces the resulting string to be quoted that this actually happens. E.g. if your <ID> needs to be replaces by something like @abc the actual line in the YAML file needs to become
id: '@abc'
而不是
id: '@abc'
as @ 是保留的.有几个这样的警告，所以在字符串级别替换不是一个好主意.
as @ is reserved. There are several such caveats, so substituting on the string level is not a good idea.
你可以这样做:
import sys
import ruamel.yaml
yaml_str = """\
vagrantfile:
target: local
vm:
provider:
local:
box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x<BITS> # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_version: '0'
chosen_virtualizer: <virtualiser> # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
virtualizers:
virtualbox:
modifyvm:
natdnshostresolver1: false
showgui: 0
vmware:
numvcpus: 1
parallels:
use_linked_clone: 0
check_guest_tools: 0
update_guest_tools: 0
machines:
vflm_7orc03npv15g:
id: <ID> # STRING
hostname: <HOSTNAME> # STRING
network:
private_network: <IP-ADDRESS> #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
forwarded_port:
hon1d:
host: '80'
guest: '80'
memory: '<MEGABYTES>' # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
cpus: '<CORES>' # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES
"""
def replace(data, values):
def do_one(data, values):
if isinstance(data, dict):
for k in data:
data[k] = do_one(data[k], values)
return data
elif isinstance(data, list):
for idx, elem in enumerate(data):
data[idx] = do_one(elem, values)
return data
elif isinstance(data, str):
for k in values: # full match
if data == k:
return values[k]
if '<' in data and '>' in data:
for k in values:
data = data.replace(k, str(values[k]))
return data
expanded = { ('<' + k + '>'): v for (k, v) in values.iteritems()}
do_one(data, expanded)
data = ruamel.yaml.round_trip_load(yaml_str)
replace(data, {
'BITS': 64,
'virtualiser': 'virtualbox',
'HOSTNAME': 'localhost',
'IP-ADDRESS': '192.168.0.1',
'ID': '@abc',
'MEGABYTES': 2048,
'CORES': 8,
})
ruamel.yaml.round_trip_dump(data, stream=sys.stdout, indent=4)
这会给你:
vagrantfile:
target:
vm:
provider:
local:
box: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x64 # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_url: puphpet/ubuntu1404-x64 # MEERKEUZE: 32 OF 64, STANDAARD 64
box_version:
chosen_virtualizer: virtualbox # MEERKEUZE: virtualbox OF vmware, STANDAARD 64
virtualizers:
virtualbox:
modifyvm:
natdnshostresolver1:
showgui:
vmware:
numvcpus:
parallels:
use_linked_clone:
check_guest_tools:
update_guest_tools:
machines:
vflm_7orc03npv15g:
id: '@abc' # STRING
hostname: localhost # STRING
network:
private_network: 192.168.0.1 #lOKAAL IP, STANDARAARD 192.168.50.101
forwarded_port:
hon1d:
host:
guest:
memory: 2048 # AANTAL, STANDAARD VEELVOUD VAN 1024
cpus: 8 # AANTAL CPUS, STANDAARD AANTAL CORES - 1, NIET HOGER DAN AANTAL CORES
请注意:
- 保留评论
cpus和memory的值是整数，而不是字符串id的值在必要时被正确引用.
- the comments are preserved
- that the value for
cpusandmemoryare integers, not strings - that the value for
idgets properly quoted as necessary.
以上使用ruamel.yaml:免责声明我是那个包的作者.你可以用 PyYAML 做同样的事情，但你会丢失注释，你需要限制自己使用 YAML 1.1 标准(从 2005 年开始)而不是 YAML 1.2 标准(从 2009 年开始)
The above uses ruamel.yaml: disclaimer I am the author of that package. You can do the same with PyYAML, but you will lose the comments and you need to restrict yourself to the YAML 1.1 standard (from 2005) and not the YAML 1.2 standard (from 2009)
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