如何在没有 Anaconda 的情况下在 Mac OS(Big Sur、Catalina、Mojave)上安装 TensorFlow 2.X? [英] How to install TensorFlow 2.X on Mac OS (Big Sur, Catalina, Mojave) without Anaconda?

问题描述

操作系统更新后，我花了几个小时在运行 OS X Catalina 的 Mac 笔记本电脑上安装 Tensorflow 2.X(Big Sur 或 Mojave 存在相同问题)但没有 ANACONDA.我搜索了很多，只找到了一些答案，最后找到了一个解决方案，我想分享以帮助其他人.

After an OS update, I spent several hours installing Tensorflow 2.X on my Mac laptop running OS X Catalina (same problem with Big Sur or Mojave) but WITHOUT ANACONDA. I searched a lot finding only bits of the answer and finally found a solution that I would like to share to help other people.

我主要遇到两种问题:1) 由于在新 Mac OS 上大力加强安全性而导致不允许操作"和 2) 安装 TensorFlow 2.X 时出现ModuleNotFoundError: No module named "类型的问题tensorflow'"由 Python 库的混乱路径引起.

I've got mainly two kind of problems: 1) "Operation not permitted" caused by zealous strengthening of security on the new Mac OS and 2) problem installing TensorFlow 2.X of the kind "ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tensorflow'" caused by messy paths to Python libraries.

推荐答案

1. 首先通过使用Security &系统首选项中的隐私"控制面板.在此处了解详情.

在不使用 Anaconda 的情况下在 Mac 上安装 TensorFlow 2.X(如果这是您想要的).灵感来自

Install TensorFlow 2.X on your Mac without using Anaconda (if that's what you want). inspiration from

2.1) 确保安装了 XCode 及其命令行工具和 pip3

2.1) Be sure to have XCode and its command line tools and pip3 installed

2.2) 使用 Brew 安装 Python 3.8(我认为 3.9 与 TensorFlow 尚不兼容)

2.2) Install Python 3.8 using Brew (I think 3.9 is not compatible yet with TensorFlow)

> brew install python@3.8
> brew link --force python@3.8

2.3) 添加符号链接

2.3) Add symbolic link

> ln -s /usr/local/opt/python@3.8/bin/python3 /usr/local/bin/python3

2.4) 在 .zshrc 文件(或 .bash_profile)中添加 PATH 和编译器标志

2.4) Add PATH and compiler flags in the .zshrc file (or .bash_profile)

> echo 'export LDFLAGS="-L/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/lib"' >> ~/.zshrc
> echo 'export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/opt/python@3.8/lib/pkgconfig"' >> ~/.zshrc
> echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc 
> echo 'export PATH="/usr/local/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.zshrc 
> source .zshrc

2.5) 安装 cmake

2.5) Install cmake

> brew install cmake pkg-config wget

2.6) 安装 TensorFlow 2.X

2.6) Install TensorFlow 2.X

> sudo pip3 install tensorflow 

这篇关于如何在没有 Anaconda 的情况下在 Mac OS(Big Sur、Catalina、Mojave)上安装 TensorFlow 2.X?的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！