换行文本在 matplotlib 中不起作用 [英] Wrapping text not working in matplotlib

问题描述

我正在尝试使用 wrap=True 换行，但它似乎对我不起作用.从下面的 matplotlib 运行示例:

I'm attempting to wrap text using wrap=True but it doesn't seem to be working for me. Running the example from matplotlib below:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

fig = plt.figure()
plt.axis([0, 10, 0, 10])
t = "This is a really long string that I'd rather have wrapped so that it"\
    " doesn't go outside of the figure, but if it's long enough it will go"\
    " off the top or bottom!"
plt.text(4, 1, t, ha='left', rotation=15, wrap=True)
plt.text(6, 5, t, ha='left', rotation=15, wrap=True)
plt.text(5, 5, t, ha='right', rotation=-15, wrap=True)
plt.text(5, 10, t, fontsize=18, style='oblique', ha='center',
         va='top', wrap=True)
plt.text(3, 4, t, family='serif', style='italic', ha='right', wrap=True)
plt.text(-1, 0, t, ha='left', rotation=-15, wrap=True)

plt.show()

让我知道:

文本换行出错

对问题有什么想法吗?

推荐答案

Matplotlib 硬连线使用图形框作为环绕宽度.为了解决这个问题，您必须覆盖 _get_wrap_line_width 方法，该方法返回线在屏幕像素中的长度.例如:

Matplotlib is hardwired to use the figure box as the wrapping width. To get around this, you have to override the _get_wrap_line_width method, which returns how long the line can be in screen pixels. For example:

text = ('Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, '
        'sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. ')
txt = ax.text(.2, .8, text, ha='left', va='top', wrap=True,
              bbox=dict(boxstyle='square', fc='w', ec='r'))
txt._get_wrap_line_width = lambda : 600.  #  wrap to 600 screen pixels

lambda 函数只是一种无需使用 def 编写命名函数/方法即可创建函数/方法的简单方法.

The lambda function is just an easy way to create a function/method without having to write a named one using def.

显然使用私有方法会带来风险，例如在未来版本中会被移除.而且我还没有测试这对旋转的效果如何.如果您想制作更复杂的东西，例如使用数据坐标，您必须继承 Text 类，并显式覆盖 _get_wrap_line_width 方法.

Obviously using a private method comes with risks, such as it being removed in future versions. And I haven't tested how well this works with rotations. If you want to make something more sophisticated, such as using data coordinates, you would have to subclass the Text class, and override the _get_wrap_line_width method explicitly.

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.text as mtext

class WrapText(mtext.Text):
    def __init__(self,
                 x=0, y=0, text='',
                 width=0,
                 **kwargs):
        mtext.Text.__init__(self,
                 x=x, y=y, text=text,
                 wrap=True,
                 **kwargs)
        self.width = width  # in screen pixels. You could do scaling first

    def _get_wrap_line_width(self):
        return self.width

fig = plt.figure(1, clear=True)
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)

text = ('Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, '
        'sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. ')

# Create artist object. Note clip_on is True by default
# The axes doesn't have this method, so the object is created separately
# and added afterwards.
wtxt = WrapText(.8, .4, text, width=500, va='top', clip_on=False,
                bbox=dict(boxstyle='square', fc='w', ec='b'))
# Add artist to the axes
ax.add_artist(wtxt)

plt.show()

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