r - 使用 tidyr 在多个键列中收集多个列 [英] r - gather multiple columns in multiple key columns with tidyr

问题描述

不确定 tidyr::gather 是否可以用于获取多个列并将它们合并到多个关键列中.

Not sure if tidyr::gather can be used to take multiple columns and merge them in multiple key columns.

有人问过类似的问题，但它们都是指在一个关键列中收集多个列.

Similar questions have been asked but they all refer to gathering multiple columns in one key column.

我正在尝试将 4 列收集到 2 个键和 2 个值列中，如下例所示:

I'm trying to gather 4 columns into 2 key and 2 value columns like in the following example:

示例数据:

df <- data.frame(
    subject = c("a", "b"),
    age1 = c(33, 35),
    age2 = c(43, 45),
    weight1 = c(90, 67),
    weight2 = c(70, 87)
)

  subject age1 age2 weight1 weight2
1       a   33   43      90      70
2       b   35   45      67      87

想要的结果:

dfe <- data.frame(
    subject = c("a", "a", "b", "b"),
    age = c("age1", "age2", "age1", "age2"),
    age_values = c(33, 43, 35, 45),
    weight = c("weight1", "weight2", "weight1", "weight2"),
    weight_values = c(90, 70, 67, 87)
)

  subject  age age_values  weight weight_values
1       a age1         33 weight1            90
2       a age2         43 weight2            70
3       b age1         35 weight1            67
4       b age2         45 weight2            87

推荐答案

这是一种方法 -

df %>%
  gather(key = "age", value = "age_values", age1, age2) %>%
  gather(key = "weight", value = "weight_values", weight1, weight2) %>%
  filter(substring(age, 4) == substring(weight, 7))

  subject  age age_values  weight weight_values
1       a age1         33 weight1            90
2       b age1         35 weight1            67
3       a age2         43 weight2            70
4       b age2         45 weight2            87

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