如何将 os.startfile 与按钮命令一起使用 (TkInter) [英] How to use os.startfile with a button command (TkInter)

问题描述

试图在画布上实现一个按钮，点击时会打开一个 .pdf 文件.

Trying to implement a button onto a canvas which opens a .pdf file when clicked.

我的尝试如下

self.B3 = Button(InputFrame,text='Graphical Plots', command = os.startfile('Bessel.pdf'),bd=5,width=13,font="14")
self.B3.grid(column =0,row=3)

不幸的是，我的代码在我点击按钮之前打开了 .pdf 文件，只要它运行.为什么?

Unfortunately my code opens the .pdf file before I have clicked the button, as soon as it has run. Why?

推荐答案

当 Python 处理这两行时，它在第一行看到:

When Python processes those two lines, it sees this in the first:

os.startfile('Bessel.pdf')

并将其解释为有效的函数调用.因此，它调用了该函数.

and interprets it as a valid function call. So, it calls the function.

要解决此问题，请定义一个函数来处理该行之前的点击事件，然后将按钮的 command 选项分配给它:

To fix the problem, define a function to handle the click event before that line and then assign the button's command opion to it:

def handler():
    # The code in here is "hidden"
    # It will only run when the function is called (the button is clicked)
    os.startfile('Bessel.pdf')
self.B3 = Button(InputFrame, text='Graphical Plots', command=handler, bd=5, width=13, font="14")

<小时>

或者，在这种情况下甚至更好/更干净，使用 lambda(匿名函数):

---

Or, even better/cleaner in this case, use a lambda (anonymous function):

self.B3 = Button(InputFrame, text='Graphical Plots', command=lambda: os.startfile('Bessel.pdf'), bd=5, width=13, font="14")

<小时>

或者，正如@JFSebastian 所指出的，您可以使用 functools.partial:

self.B3 = Button(InputFrame, text='Graphical Plots', command=functools.partial(os.startfile, "Bessel.pdf"), bd=5, width=13, font="14")

请注意，您必须先导入 functools.

Note that you will have to import functools first.

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