在 tkinter 中添加笔记本选项卡 - 如何使用基于类的结构来完成?(蟒蛇 3) [英] Adding notebook tabs in tkinter - how do I do it with a class-based structure? (Python 3)

问题描述

我写了一个 tkinter 应用程序，它在两个框架上显示了小部件，类似于这个例子，它成功运行.

I wrote a tkinter application that had widgets displayed on two frames, similar to this example, which successfully runs.

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

root = Tk()
root.title("Example")

notebook = ttk.Notebook(root)
frame1 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
frame2 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
notebook.add(frame1, text="Frame One")
notebook.add(frame2, text="Frame Two")
notebook.pack()

#(The labels are examples, but the rest of the code is identical in structure). 

labelA = ttk.Label(frame1, text = "This is on Frame One")
labelA.grid(column=1, row=1)

labelB = ttk.Label(frame2, text = "This is on Frame Two")
labelB.grid(column=1, row=1)

root.mainloop()

我决定我应该尝试重构程序以使用一个类(我承认我不是很熟悉).但是，我不确定我应该怎么做才能让小部件出现在不同的框架上(其他一切正常).例如，下面会产生一个TypeError:init() 需要 1 到 2 个位置参数，但给出了 3 个."所以大概我需要用一个额外的参数来初始化，但我不确定笔记本将如何工作，或者这是否是我应该采取的方法.(如果从标签中删除frame1"和frame2"参数，程序将运行，但是，它会在两个框架上显示相同的内容).

I decided that I should try to restructure the program to use a class (which I'm admittedly not very familiar with). However, I'm unsure what I should do to allow the widgets to appear on different frames (everything else works okay). For instance, the following produces a "TypeError: init() takes from 1 to 2 positional arguments but 3 were given." So presumably I'd need to initialise with an extra argument, but I'm not sure how the notebook would be worked into that, or if that's even the approach I should be taking. (The program will run if the "frame1" and "frame2" arguments are removed from the labels, it will, however, display the same thing on both frames).

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

class MainApplication(ttk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, parent):
        ttk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)

        self.labelA = ttk.Label(self, frame1, text = "This is on Frame One")
        self.labelA.grid(column=1, row=1)

        self.labelB = ttk.Label(self, frame2, text = "This is on Frame Two")
        self.labelB.grid(column=1, row=1)

root = Tk()
root.title("Example")
notebook = ttk.Notebook(root)
frame1 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
frame2 = ttk.Frame(notebook)
notebook.add(frame1, text="Frame One")
notebook.add(frame2, text="Frame Two")
notebook.pack()
MainApplication(root).pack()
root.mainloop()

我对解决方案感兴趣，但我也有兴趣了解与独立小部件相比，该类在做什么.

I'm interested in a solution, but I'm also interested in learning what the class is doing differently compared to the standalone widgets.

推荐答案

这将是将应用程序概括为类的一种方法.您想消除重复的代码.

This would be one way to generalize the application as a class. You want to eliminate the repeated code.

from tkinter import *
from tkinter import ttk

class Notebook:

    def __init__(self,title):
        self.root = Tk()
        self.root.title(title)
        self.notebook = ttk.Notebook(self.root)

    def add_tab(self,title,text):
        frame = ttk.Frame(self.notebook)
        self.notebook.add(frame,text=title)
        label = ttk.Label(frame,text=text)
        label.grid(column=1,row=1)
        self.notebook.pack()

    def run(self):
        self.root.mainloop()

nb = Notebook('Example')
nb.add_tab('Frame One','This is on Frame One')
nb.add_tab('Frame Two','This is on Frame Two')
nb.run()

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