Tkinter:更改菜单栏和标题栏颜色 [英] Tkinter: Change the menu bar and title bar colors

问题描述

我想更改菜单栏和标题的颜色.

I would like to change the color of the menu bar and that of the title.

这是我想要的示例.

有可能吗?

推荐答案

举例说明您要做什么:

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()
        self.geometry("400x200")
        self.configure(background='black')
        self.overrideredirect(1)
        self.attributes("-topmost", True)
        
    def startMove(self,event):
        self.x = event.x
        self.y = event.y

    def stopMove(self,event):
        self.x = None
        self.y = None

    def moving(self,event):
        x = (event.x_root - self.x)
        y = (event.y_root - self.y)
        self.geometry("+%s+%s" % (x, y))

    def exit(self):
        self.destroy()


def save():
    print ('save')
    return None
def add():
    print('add')
    return None

  

class MenuBar(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, bd=1, relief='raised')
        self.master=master
        self.configure(background='black',
                       cursor='hand2')

        file = tk.Menubutton(self, text='File',
                             background='black',
                             foreground='white',
                             activeforeground='black',
                             activebackground='white'
                             )
        file_menu = tk.Menu(file,tearoff=0)
        file_menu.add_command(label='save', command=save,
                              background='black',
                              foreground='white',
                              activeforeground='black',
                              activebackground='white'
                              )
        
        file.config(menu=file_menu)
        file.pack(side='left')

        edit = tk.Menubutton(self, text='Edit',
                             background='black',
                             foreground='white',
                             activeforeground='black',
                             activebackground='white'
                             )
        edit_menu = tk.Menu(edit,tearoff=0)
        edit_menu.add_command(label='add', command=add,
                              background='black',
                              foreground='white',
                              activeforeground='black',
                              activebackground='white'
                              )

        edit.config(menu=edit_menu)
        edit.pack(side='left')

        close = tk.Button(self, text='X', command=lambda:root.exit(),
                          background='black',
                          foreground='white')
        close.pack(side='right')

def show():
    print('show')
    return None
def ex_it():
    print('exit')
    return None

class MainFrame(tk.LabelFrame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.LabelFrame.__init__(self, master, bd=1, relief='raised', text='MainFrame', background='black', foreground='white')
        self.master=master
        self.note = tk.Label(self, text='Your typed chars appear here:',
                             background='black',
                             foreground='white',
                             )
        self.note.grid(column=0, row=0, columnspan=2, sticky='w')
        self.entry = ttk.Entry(self, style='My.TEntry')
        self.entry.grid(column=0,row=1,columnspan=3, sticky='ew')
        self.columnconfigure(0, weight=1)
        self.b_frame=tk.Frame(self, bg='black')
        self.b_frame.grid(column=0,row=2,sticky='w')
        self.sh_b = tk.Button(self.b_frame, text='Show', command=show)
        self.ex_b = tk.Button(self.b_frame, text='Exit', command=ex_it)
        self.sh_b.grid(column=0, row=0, sticky='w')
        self.ex_b.grid(column=1, row=0, sticky='w', padx=5)

root = App()

menubar = MenuBar(root)
menubar.pack(side='top', fill='x')

mainframe = MainFrame(root)
mainframe.pack(fill='both', expand=1)

menubar.bind("<Button-1>", root.startMove)
menubar.bind("<ButtonRelease-1>", root.stopMove)
menubar.bind("<B1-Motion>", root.moving)

style = ttk.Style(root)
style.element_create("plain.field", "from", "clam")
style.layout("My.TEntry",
             [('Entry.plain.field', {'children': [(
                 'Entry.background', {'children': [(
                     'Entry.padding', {'children': [(
                         'Entry.textarea', {'sticky': 'nswe'})],
                                       'sticky': 'nswe'})], 'sticky': 'nswe'})],
                                     'border':'2', 'sticky': 'nswe'})])
style.configure("My.TEntry",
                 foreground="white",
                 fieldbackground="grey")

root.mainloop()

玩得开心！

首先，我使用类创建了 3 个对象，它们如下所示:

First, I've created 3 objects using classes and they look like this:

应用lication/我们从 Tk() 获取的窗口

The Application / our window that inharets from Tk()

class App(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

然后是来自 Frame 的菜单栏，看起来像:

Then the Menubar which inharets from Frame and looks like:

class MenuBar(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, master, bd=1, relief='raised')

以及从 tkinter 的 LabeFrame 类中引入的 MainFrame:

and the MainFrame which inharets from the LabeFrame class of tkinter:

class MainFrame(tk.LabelFrame):
    def __init__(self, master=None):
        tk.LabelFrame.__init__(self, master, bd=1, relief='raised', text='MainFrame', background='black', foreground='white')

要了解有关类和 init 方法的更多信息 [点击]了解语法 self. [点击]

To learn more about classes and the init method [click] To understand the syntax self. [click]

让我们仔细看看应用程序:

Let's take a closer look to the App:

self.geometry("400x200")
self.configure(background='black')
self.overrideredirect(1)
self.attributes("-topmost", True)

• 使用几何方法，我们定义了width=400 和 height=200 以像素为单位.
• 然后我们用一行来配置背景:
• with the geometry method we are define the width=400 and height=200 in pixels.
• Then we configure the background with the line:

self.configure(background='black')

• 在此之后，我们使用 tkinter 的 overrideredirect 方法这显然是在做:
• After this we use the overrideredirect method of tkinter which is clearly doing:

设置或获取覆盖重定向标志.如果非零，这可以防止装饰窗口的窗口管理器.换句话说，窗口将没有标题或边框，并且不能移动或通过普通方式关闭.

Sets or gets the override redirect flag. If non-zero, this prevents the window manager from decorating the window. In other words, the window will not have a title or a border, and it cannot be moved or closed via ordinary means.

• 我们最终使用 属性方法 用于顶层并将最上面的参数设置为 true :
• and we finally use the attributes method for Toplevels and set the argument topmost to true that does:

(Windows) 如果设置，这个窗口总是放在其他窗口之上视窗.请注意，在此版本中，此属性必须指定为-topmost".

(Windows) If set, this window is always placed on top of other windows. Note that in this release, this attribute must be given as "-topmost".

---

使用 overrideredirect 后最大的问题是您无法再移动窗口，因为窗口管理器不再有边框/标题或菜单栏.所以我们需要自己携带使用这个代码:

---

The biggest problem after using overrideredirect is that you can't move your window anymore, cause there is no border/Title- or Menubar of the window manager anymore. So we need to carry it by ourself with using this code:

def startMove(self,event):
    self.x = event.x
    self.y = event.y

def stopMove(self,event):
    self.x = None
    self.y = None

def moving(self,event):
    x = (event.x_root - self.x)
    y = (event.y_root - self.y)
    self.geometry("+%s+%s" % (x, y))

此代码的作用是通过使用 事件管理器

And what this code does is to get the current mouse postion by clicking/Button-1 with the event manger

event.x 或 event.y 表示:

event.x or event.y means:

当前鼠标位置，以像素为单位.

The current mouse position, in pixels.

event.x_root 或 event.y_root 表示:

event.x_root or event.y_root means:

当前鼠标相对于左上角的位置屏幕，以像素为单位.

The current mouse position relative to the upper left corner of the screen, in pixels.

并通过从另一个中减去一个，我们得到偏移量，这是我们需要的 几何方法移动".

and by substracting the one from the other we get the offset, that we need for our geometry method to "move".

这篇关于Tkinter:更改菜单栏和标题栏颜色的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！