如何在python的tkinter中设置Treeview的宽度 [英] How to set width of Treeview in tkinter of python

问题描述

最近，我使用 tkinter TreeView 在 Python 中显示许多列.具体来说，树视图中有 49 列数据.我使用 grid 来管理我的小部件.

Recently, I use tkinter TreeView to show many columns in Python. Specifically, 49 columns data in a treeview. I use grid to manage my widgets.

我发现树视图的宽度只取决于列的宽度.

I found out the width of the treeview only depends on the width of columns.

我的问题是，如何设置 Treeview 的宽度.(默认宽度是所有列的宽度之和)

My question is, How can I set the width of the Treeview. (The default width is the summation of all columns' width)

当我的所有列宽都设置为 20 时.这是 49 列.:)

When all my column width is set as 20. This is 49 columns. :)

这是我的主要代码:

frame = Frame(self.master, width = 1845, height = 670)
frame.place(x = 20, y = 310)
tree_view = Treeview(frame, height = 33, selectmode = "extended")
for i in range(len(id_list)):
    tree_view.column(id_list[i], width = width_list[i], anchor = CENTER)
    tree_view.heading(id_list[i] , text = text_list[i])
tree_view["show"] = "headings"
# Omit the declaration of scrollbar    
tree_view['yscroll'] = self.y_scollbar.set
tree_view['xscroll'] = self.x_scollbar.set
tree_view.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = NSEW)
for item in detail_info_list:
    tree_view.insert("",0, text = str(item.id), value=(...))

id_list,width_list,text_list 用于存储列信息.detail_info_list 用于存储 Treeview 中显示的数据.

id_list,width_list,text_list is used to store columns information. detail_info_list is to store the data showed in the Treeview.

我的目标是当我定义某个列的大宽度(例如:3000)时，我的树视图可以按预期显示数据.但是树状视图在我的屏幕上，水平滚动条也无法滑动.

My target is when I define a large width(for example: 3000) of some column, my treeview could show the data as I expected. But the treeview is across my screen and the horizontal scrollbar also can't slide.

当第 17 列设置为 1500 时:

When 17th column is set as 1500:

我看不到我的按钮，也无法滑动水平滚动条.

I can't see my buttons, and I can't slide the horizontal scrollbar.

另外，我尝试了一些解决方案.

Also, I have tried some solution.

• 定义一个框架作为 Treeview 的父级.并定义宽度和高度来约束 Treeview.但它没有用.
• 我查阅了一些文档并搜索了这个问题.我找不到任何将宽度设置为常量的解决方案.

推荐答案

经过一个多星期的搜索，我偶然发现了一个非常简单的方法来实现魔法".

After searching for over a week now, I stumbled upon a very easy way to do the 'magic'.

1. 我读取了主窗口的当前大小
2. 将数据添加到treeView
3. 根据条目的最大长度设置每列的宽度(使用measure)
4. 在我的主窗口上调用 update 函数(不确定是否需要)
5. 将主窗口的大小设置为存储的值

1. I read the current size of my mainWindow
2. Add the data to the treeView
3. Set the width of each column depending on the max length of an entry (by using measure)
4. Calling the update function on my mainWindow (not sure if this is needed)
5. Setting the size of the mainWindow to the stored values

这是我的代码:

def reloadTreeViewData(self):
    # get current size of main window
    curMainWindowHeight = self.parent.winfo_height()
    curMainWindowWidth = self.parent.winfo_width()

    #delete all
    for child in self.tree.get_children():
        self.dicData = {}
        self.tree.delete(child)

    # reload all
    count = 0
    for row in self.data:
        adding_string = []
        for element in self.indexlist:
            adding_string.append(str(row[element]))
        insert_ID = self.tree.insert('', 'end', text=count, values=adding_string)
        # save the data in it's original types in a dictionary
        self.dicData[insert_ID] = [row[x] for x in self.indexlist]
        count += 1

    # reset column width
    max_colum_widths = [0] * len(self.indexlist)
    for child in self.tree.get_children():
        rowData = self.dicData[child]
        for idx, rowIdx in enumerate(self.indexlist):
            item = rowData[idx]
            new_length = self.myFont.measure(str(item))
            if new_length > max_colum_widths[idx]:
                max_colum_widths[idx] = new_length
    for idx, item in enumerate(self.attributeList):
        if int(max_colum_widths[idx]) < 50:
            self.tree.column(item, width=50)
        else:
            self.tree.column(item, width=int(max_colum_widths[idx]))

    # restore the size of the mainWindow
    self.parent.update()
    self.parent.geometry("" + str(curMainWindowWidth) + "x" + str(curMainWindowHeight))

我的 treeView 标题存储在 self.attributeList 中，但数据来自数据库，我想显示更多列.所以我使用存储为 self.indexlist 的映射列表.

My headings for the treeView are stored in self.attributeList but the data comes from a database, which has way more columns I want to show. So I use a mapping list which is stored as self.indexlist.

self.myFont 定义如下:

    import tkinter.font as tkFont
    self.myFont = tkFont.Font(self, "Calibri", 12)

我使用 treeview 来显示数据和一个单独的字典来保存数据，使用 child-id(由 insert 返回)作为键.通过这种方式，我保留了插入到 treeView 中的真实数据.这对于像0005"这样的字符串很重要，当您从树视图中调用它并丢失前导零时，它将返回 5(整数).

I use the treeview just to show the data and a seperate dictionary to save the data, by using the child-id (returned by insert) as key. This way I keep the real data I inserted into the treeView. This is important for strings like '0005' which will return as 5 (integer) when you recall it from the treeview and you lose the leading zeros.

我希望这个解决方案可以帮助其他人.如果有更方便的解决方案，请随时发表评论.

I hope this solution helps others. If there is a more convenient solution feel free to comment.

如果您对我的代码有任何疑问，请随时提问.

If you have any questions about my code, feel free to ask.

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