使用 Tkinter (Python) 向框架添加滚动条 [英] Adding a scrollbar to a frame using Tkinter (Python)

问题描述

我有一个简单的 GUI，在输入要显示的初始选项的数量后，它会向用户显示一些选项.在这种情况下，4:

I've a simple GUI thats shows the users some options, after putting the number of the initial options to be shown. In this case, 4:

通过单击Add row，您可以向GUI 添加一行.问题是如果用户想要 100 个选项，GUI 会变得特别大并且所有选项都不会显示.

By clicking on Add row you can add a row to the GUI. The thing is that if the user wants 100 options, the GUI becomes extra big and all the options are not shown.

所以我只想在选项空间上有一个滚动条，而不是其余部分.很抱歉糟糕的 Photoshop，但我想要这样的东西:

So I would like to have a scrollbar only on the options space, not the rest parts. Sorry for the bad Photoshop, but I would like to have something like this:

选项空间是 FrameTwo，所以我想把整个 FrameTwo 放在滚动条里面，就像上图一样.

The options space is the FrameTwo, so I would like to have the entire FrameTwo inside of scrollbar like the image above.

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
import Image
import ImageTk
import tkFileDialog
import datetime

class Planificador(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.master = master
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.master.title("Plan")
        self.frameOne = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameOne.grid(row=0,column=0)
        self.frameTwo = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameTwo.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.frameThree = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameThree.grid(row=2, column=0)

        # Borrar esto?
        self.txt = Text(self)
        self.txt.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

        self.piezastext = Label(self.frameOne, text = " Amount of pieces ", justify="center")
        self.piezastext.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.entrypiezas = Entry(self.frameOne,width=3)
        self.entrypiezas.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=(5,5))
        self.aceptarnumpiezas = Button(self.frameOne,text="Click me", command=self.aceptar_piezas,width=8)
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=(5,5))

    def aceptar_piezas(self):
        try:
            val = int(self.entrypiezas.get())
            self.aceptar_piezas_ok()
        except ValueError:
            showerror('Error', "Introduce un numero")

    def aceptar_piezas_ok(self):
        self.num_piezas = self.entrypiezas.get()

        self.piezastext.grid_remove()
        self.entrypiezas.grid_remove()
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid_remove()

        self.optionmenus_piezas = list()
        self.numpiezas = []
        self.numerolotes = []
        self.optionmenus_prioridad = list()
        self.lotes = list()

        self.mispiezas = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']

        self.n = 1
        while self.n <= int(self.num_piezas):
            self.textopieza = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopieza.grid(row=self.n, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=self.n, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.frameTwo,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=self.n, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=self.n, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=self.n, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=self.n, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.frameTwo, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=self.n, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)
            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)

            self.n += 1

        self.anadirpiezas = Button(self.frameThree, text="Add row", command=self.addpieza, width=10)
        self.anadirpiezas.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=(10,10))

        self.calculotext = Label(self.frameThree, text = "Other stuff ")
        self.calculotext.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=(10,0), pady=(10,10))

        self.graspbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 1", width=10)
        self.graspbutton.grid(row=2, column=1)

        self.parettobutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2",width=10)
        self.parettobutton.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))

        self.parettoEvolbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2", width=10)
        self.parettoEvolbutton.grid(row=2, column=3, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))


    def addpieza(self):
            self.textopiezanuevo = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopiezanuevo.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.frameTwo,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.frameTwo, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.frameTwo, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.frameTwo, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)

            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)
            self.num_piezas = int(self.num_piezas)+1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    aplicacion = Planificador(root)
    root.mainloop()

FrameOne 用于放置我删除的图像，以使这个示例更简单.FrameThree 是您可以在 GUI 底部看到的按钮.

FrameOne is used to put an image I removed to make this example more simple. And FrameThree are the buttons you can see at the bottom of the GUI.

因此，如果有人能帮我一把，告诉我如何将整个 FrameTwo 放入滚动条中，这将非常有帮助，如您在第三张图片中看到的那样.

So it would be very helpful if someone could give me a hand and tell me how to put the entire FrameTwo inside of a scrollbar as you can see on the third image.

提前致谢.

推荐答案

您的问题之一是frameTwo"的大小没有限制.如果你不限制它的大小，你添加的任何滚动条都不会起作用.但是限制你的框架的大小会限制你可以网格的行数，使滚动条再次无用.

One of your problems, is that "frameTwo" has no limits to it's size. If you don't limit it's size, any scrollbar you add, never will act. But limiting the size of you frame have the inconvenient of limit the number of lines you can grid, making the scrollbar useless again.

一个解决方案是在frameTwo"内创建一个框架，以接收您创建的作品.这样，一方面，允许您限制frameTwo"的大小并将滚动条附加到它，另一方面，允许您对添加到位于frameTwo"内的框架中的部分进行网格化，命名，比方说，列表框".当ListFrame"大小大于frameTwo"大小时，您现在可以使滚动条工作.

A solution is creating a frame inside the "frameTwo", to receive the pieces you create. This way, by one hand, allow you to limit the size of "frameTwo" and attach the scrollbar to it, and by other hand, allow you to grid the pieces you add to the frame located inside "frameTwo", named, let's say, "ListFrame". when "ListFrame" size becomes bigger than "frameTwo" size, you can now make the scrollbar work.

我根据上述更改更改了您的代码.一探究竟.代码中对更改进行了注释.抱歉我的简短解释，但我有点赶时间.当我有更多时间时，我可能会编辑此答案.

I change your code with the changes mentioned above. Check it out. The changes are commented in the code. Sorry for the short explanation, but i'm a bit hurry. I may edit this answer when I have more time.

PS:对不起，如果我的英语不是最好的

PS: Sorry if my english is not the best

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
import Image
import ImageTk
import tkFileDialog
import datetime

class Planificador(Frame):
    def __init__(self,master):
        Frame.__init__(self, master)
        self.master = master
        self.initUI()

    def initUI(self):
        self.master.title("Plan")
        self.frameOne = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameOne.grid(row=0,column=0)

        self.frameTwo = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameTwo.grid(row=1, column=0)

        #Creating of a new frame, inside of "frameTwo" to the objects to be inserted
        #Creating a scrollbar

        #The reason for this, is to attach the scrollbar to "FrameTwo", and when the size of frame "ListFrame" exceed the size of frameTwo, the scrollbar acts
        self.canvas=Canvas(self.frameTwo)
        self.listFrame=Frame(self.canvas)
        self.scrollb=Scrollbar(self.master, orient="vertical",command=self.canvas.yview)
        self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='nsew')  #grid scrollbar in master, but
        self.canvas['yscrollcommand'] = self.scrollb.set   #attach scrollbar to frameTwo

        self.canvas.create_window((0,0),window=self.listFrame,anchor='nw')
        self.listFrame.bind("<Configure>", self.AuxscrollFunction)
        self.scrollb.grid_forget()                         #Forget scrollbar because the number of pieces remains undefined by the user. But this not destroy it. It will be "remembered" later.

        self.canvas.pack(side="left")
        self.frameThree = Frame(self.master)
        self.frameThree.grid(row=2, column=0)

        # Borrar esto?
        self.txt = Text(self)
        self.txt.pack(fill=BOTH, expand=1)

        self.piezastext = Label(self.frameOne, text = " Amount of pieces ", justify="center")
        self.piezastext.grid(row=1, column=0)
        self.entrypiezas = Entry(self.frameOne,width=3)
        self.entrypiezas.grid(row=2, column=0, pady=(5,5))
        self.aceptarnumpiezas = Button(self.frameOne,text="Click me", command=self.aceptar_piezas,width=8)
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid(row=6, column=0, pady=(5,5))

    def AuxscrollFunction(self,event):
        #You need to set a max size for frameTwo. Otherwise, it will grow as needed, and scrollbar do not act
        self.canvas.configure(scrollregion=self.canvas.bbox("all"),width=600,height=500)

    def aceptar_piezas(self):



        #IMPORTANT!!! All the objects are now created in "ListFrame" and not in "frameTwo"
        #I perform the alterations. Check it out
        try:
            val = int(self.entrypiezas.get())
            self.aceptar_piezas_ok()
            self.scrollb.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky='nsew')  #grid scrollbar in master, because user had defined the numer of pieces
        except ValueError:
            showerror('Error', "Introduce un numero")

    def aceptar_piezas_ok(self):
        self.num_piezas = self.entrypiezas.get()

        self.piezastext.grid_remove()
        self.entrypiezas.grid_remove()
        self.aceptarnumpiezas.grid_remove()

        self.optionmenus_piezas = list()
        self.numpiezas = []
        self.numerolotes = []
        self.optionmenus_prioridad = list()
        self.lotes = list()

        self.mispiezas = ['One', 'Two', 'Three', 'Four', 'Five']

        self.n = 1
        while self.n <= int(self.num_piezas):
            self.textopieza = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopieza.grid(row=self.n, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=self.n, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.listFrame,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=self.n, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=self.n, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=self.n, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=self.n, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.listFrame, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=self.n, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)
            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)

            self.n += 1

        self.anadirpiezas = Button(self.frameThree, text="Add row", command=self.addpieza, width=10)
        self.anadirpiezas.grid(row=0, column=2, pady=(10,10))

        self.calculotext = Label(self.frameThree, text = "Other stuff ")
        self.calculotext.grid(row=1, column=2, padx=(10,0), pady=(10,10))

        self.graspbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 1", width=10)
        self.graspbutton.grid(row=2, column=1)

        self.parettobutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2",width=10)
        self.parettobutton.grid(row=2, column=2, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))

        self.parettoEvolbutton = Button(self.frameThree, text="OPT 2", width=10)
        self.parettoEvolbutton.grid(row=2, column=3, pady=(10,10), padx=(10,0))


    def addpieza(self):
            self.textopiezanuevo = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Pieza: ", justify="left")
            self.textopiezanuevo.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=0)

            var = StringVar()
            menu = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var, *self.mispiezas)
            menu.grid(row=self.n, column=1)
            menu.config(width=10)
            menu.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=1)
            var.set("One")
            self.optionmenus_piezas.append((menu, var))

            self.numpiezastext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Numero de piezas: ", justify="center")
            self.numpiezastext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=2, padx=(10,0))
            self.entrynumpiezas = Entry(self.listFrame,width=6)
            self.entrynumpiezas.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=3, padx=(0,10))
            self.entrynumpiezas.insert(0, "0")

            self.textoprioridad = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Prioridad: ", justify="center")
            self.textoprioridad.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=4)
            var2 = StringVar()
            menu2 = OptionMenu(self.listFrame, var2, "Normal", "Baja", "Primera pieza", "Esta semana")
            menu2.config(width=10)
            menu2.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=5)
            var2.set("Normal")
            self.optionmenus_prioridad.append((menu2, var2))

            self.lotestext = Label(self.listFrame, text = "Por lotes?", justify="center")
            self.lotestext.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=6, padx=(10,0))
            self.var1 = IntVar()
            self.entrynumlotes = Checkbutton(self.listFrame, variable=self.var1)
            self.entrynumlotes.grid(row=int(self.num_piezas)+1, column=7, padx=(5,10))
            self.lotes.append(self.var1)

            self.numpiezas.append(self.entrynumpiezas)
            self.num_piezas = int(self.num_piezas)+1

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    aplicacion = Planificador(root)
    root.mainloop()

这篇关于使用 Tkinter (Python) 向框架添加滚动条的文章就介绍到这了，希望我们推荐的答案对大家有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持IT屋！