触控时代的工具提示 [英] Tooltips in the era of touch
问题描述
工具提示是了解应用程序的非常有用的界面范例.它们是视觉控件和与该控件关联的应用程序特定操作之间的映射.用户只需悬停鼠标指针即可探索该动作而无需调用它.
Tooltips are an incredibly useful interface paradigm to know an application. They are the mapping between the visual control and the application specific action associated to that control. The user can explore the action without invoking it just by hovering the mouse pointer.
触摸设备使这种范例基本上不可能.这限制了应用程序的可用性，在某些情况下变得非常神秘.
The touch devices make this paradigm basically impossible. This limits the usability of the app, which becomes in some cases pretty mysterious.
您知道触摸设备是否存在工具提示概念的替代品吗?它们在 ui 交互中实际上缺乏一个自由度:指针位置.如何有效地重新获得这个沟通渠道?
Do you know if a substitute for the tooltip concept exists for touch devices? They effectively lack one degree of freedom in ui interaction: the pointer position. How to regain this communication channel effectively?
推荐答案
根据你问的是谁，他们甚至可能会告诉你，需要工具提示易于理解的界面需要重新设计，很糟糕(参见 Jef Raskin:人性化界面).
Depending on who you ask, they might even tell you that an interface that needs tool tips to be understandable needs to be redesigned, badly (cf. Jef Raskin: The Humane Interface).
事实上，工具提示是对一个非常问题的解决方案:没有标签的标志性按钮，例如在工具栏上看到的.每当您有标签时，请使用它们.无需提供工具提示，因为您已经有 文本来说明特定控件将要执行的操作.
In fact, tool tips are a solution to a very specific problem: Iconic buttons with no labels, such as seen on toolbars. Whenever you have labels, use them. No need to provide a tooltip because you already have text to tell what a particular control is going to do.
更重要的是，触摸界面与今天的 WIMP 界面模型不太匹配.许多控件可以很好地使用鼠标指针进行处理，但使用手指却令人沮丧.菜单、复选框、单选按钮浮现在脑海中.因此，触摸界面的范式必须与当今的鼠标和键盘驱动的界面截然不同.
What's more is that touch interfaces map not very well to today's WIMP interface model. Many controls are good to handle with a mouse pointers but are frustrating to use with a finger. Menus, checkboxes, radio buttons spring to mind. So the interface paradigm for touch interfaces has to look rather differently to today's mouse- and keyboard-driven interfaces.
所以我认为这里的问题不在于缺乏工具提示，而是在过去 30 年里我们没有探索许多与计算机交互的新方式(基本上不是自从
So I think it's not so much a lack of tool tips that's the problem here but rather that we didn't explore many new ways of interacting with a computer in the past 30 years (basically not since the research done by Doug Engelbart and Xerox PARC in the 60s and 70s).
触摸输入与足够类似，它有点适用于大多数用途.但它不仅缺少位置无触摸组件，而且还缺少精度.基本上所有的触摸输入都适用于触摸某物和拖动某物.即使双击也很困难，所以我们真正需要的是在如何专门为触摸界面设计和制作 UI 方面进行一些根本性的改变.
Touch input is just similar enough that it kinda works for most purposes. But it not only lacks a location-without-touch component but also precision. Basically all touch input is good for is touching something and dragging something. Even double-tap is difficult so what we really need is some fundamental change in how to design and craft UI specifically for a touch interface.
您会在专用设备(例如 iPhone)中看到其中的一些内容，因为这是一个既没有鼠标指针也没有键盘并且只有触摸的平台.这意味着您不必构建必须可用于所有可能的交互方法的 UI(当前困扰 Windows 的问题；我确实有一台多点触控笔记本电脑，但对于许多任务来说，触摸不起作用)但只有一个.但我认为，目前对于普通"软件和计算机的通用解决方案还很遥远.
You'll see some of this in dedicated devices, such as the iPhone simply because that's a platform that neither has a mouse pointer nor a keyboard and only touch. This means you don't have to build a UI which has to be usable with all possible methods of interaction (a problem with plagues Windows currently; I do have a multi-touch laptop but for many many tasks touch just doesn't work) but only with one. But a general-purpose solution for "normal" software and computers is pretty far off at the moment, I think.
所以我建议您对如何设计您的 UI 稍微考虑一下.如前所述(并且可以在 Alan Cooper 的 关于Face)，工具提示用于标记没有标签的控件或空间不足以放置它们的控件.这里的关键使用场景是工具栏.但是，为触摸设计的界面无论如何都会使所有控件变大.许多小图标紧密组合在一起，即使你有工具提示，也很难与触摸输入一起使用，因为它缺乏精确度.
So I'd advise you to just think a little different about how you design your UI. As said before (and can be read in Alan Cooper's About Face), tool tips are for labeling controls that don't have labels or where space wouldn't suffice to place them. Key usage scenario here are tool bars. But an interface designed for touch would make all controls larger anyway. Many small icons, closely grouped together are a pain to use with touch input even if you had tool tips, simply because it lacks precision.
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