正则表达式 - 替换 URL/URI 之外的单词 [英] Regular Expression - replace word except within a URL/URI

问题描述

为 Web 应用程序编写全球化模块，我需要一个正则表达式来用另一个词(翻译)替换一个词的所有实例 - 除了 - 在 URL/URI 中找到的词.

Writing a globalization module for a web application and I need a regexp to replace all instances of a word with another word (the translation) - except - words found within a URL/URI.

我忘了提到我使用的是 Ruby，所以我不能使用Lookbehind"

I forgot to mention that I'm using Ruby, so I can't use 'Lookbehind'

推荐答案

• 在 URI 正则表达式上拆分；在结果中包含 URI.
• 对于每件作品:
  • 如果它是一个 URI，不要管它
  • 否则，进行单词替换

  代码:

  # From RFC 3986 Appendix B, with these modifications:
  #   o Spaces disallowed
  #   o All groups non-matching, except for added outermost group
  #   o Not anchored
  #   o Scheme required
  #   o Authority required
  URI_REGEX = %r"((?:(?:[^ :/?#]+):)(?://(?:[^ /?#]*))(?:[^ ?#]*)(?:\?(?:[^ #]*))?(?:#(?:[^ ]*))?)"
  
  def replace_except_uris(text, old, new)
    text.split(URI_REGEX).collect do |s|
      if s =~ URI_REGEX
        s
      else
        s.gsub(old, new)
      end
    end.join
  end
  
  text = <<END
  stack http://www.stackoverflow.com stack
  stack http://www.somewhere.come/stack?stack=stack#stack stack
  END
  
  puts replace_except_uris(text, /stack/, 'LINKED-LIST')
  
  # => LINKED-LIST http://www.stackoverflow.com LINKED-LIST
  # => LINKED-LIST http://www.somewhere.come/stack?stack=stack#stack LINKED-LIST
  

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