高效的用户界面 [英] Efficient user interfaces

问题描述

速度和可学习性不会直接相互对抗，但设计这样一个缺少其中一个(或两者)的 GUI 似乎很容易.GUI 设计人员似乎在大多数情况下更喜欢易于学习"，即使快速应用"更明智.

Speed and learnability do not directly fight each other, but it seems easy enough to design such a GUI that lacks either (or both) of them. GUI designers seem to prefer 'easy to learn' most of the time even when 'fast to apply' would be wiser.

只有少数 UI 概念或程序能够最大限度地提高您使用该程序所做的任何事情的最高效率.他们中的大多数还没有变得普遍.

There's only few UI concepts or programs that are weighted towards maximizing the peak efficiency of whatever you are doing with the program. Most of them haven't gotten common.

普通人更喜欢 gedit 而不是 vim.对于普通人来说，已经有足够好的 GUI 了，因为在 20 年前已经对它们进行了大量研究.

Normal people prefer gedit instead of vim. For normal people there are already good-enough GUIs because there was tons of research on them two decades ago.

我想获得一些关于制作 UI 的建议，这些 UI 在易于学习"而不是快速应用"之间进行权衡.

I'd like to get some advices on doing UIs that do the tradeoffs from 'easy to learn' rather than from 'fast to apply'.

推荐答案

我们的产品系列中有一款产品赢得了无数奖项，这主要是因为它能够以比我们的任何竞争对手更简单的界面提供更多功能.我在贝尔实验室的一个人机界面研究小组担任职务几年后设计了界面，所以当我接触它时，我对什么是成功"有一个非常清晰的认识.我有四条关于创建简单但功能强大的界面的设计建议.

We have a product in our lineup that has won numerous awards based largely on its ability to provide more power with an easier interface than any of our competitors. I designed the interface a few years after holding a position in one of Bell Labs' human interface research groups so I had a pretty clear idea of what constituted "success" when I approached it. I have four pieces of design advice for creating easy but powerful interfaces.

首先，选择一个在他们的环境中有意义的比喻，并尽力坚持下去.这不一定是物理隐喻，尽管如果与不精通技术的人一起工作会有所帮助.这在 Windows 的早期很流行，但它的价值仍然存在.我们使用了文件夹和页面"的比喻，使我们能够组织范围广泛的任务，同时又不影响高级用户的风格.

First, select a metaphor that makes sense in their environment and do your best to stick to it. This doesn't have to be a physical metaphor although that can help if working with people who are not tech savvy. This was popular in the early days of Windows but its value remains. We used a "folder and page" metaphor that permitted us to organize a wide range of tasks while not crimping power users' style.

其次，在数据显示和任务之间提供一致的布局关系.在我们的界面中，每个页面"在完全相同的位置显示一组操作按钮，并且尽可能使用相同的实际按钮.因此，一旦学习了一页，用户就可以开始学习其余的页面.这些按钮之一，总是放置在一个独特的位置，是一个帮助"按钮......这让我想到了第 3 点.更一般的规则是:找到在一个领域利用学习的方法来帮助学习其他领域.

Second, offer a consistent layout relationship between data display and tasks. In our interface, each "page" displays a set of action buttons in the exact same position and, wherever possible, uses the same actual buttons. Thus, once one page is learned, the user has a head start on learning the rest. One of these buttons, always placed in a distinctive position, is a "Help" button...which brings me to point #3. The more general rule is: find ways of leveraging learning in one area to assist in learning others.

第三，提供上下文相关的帮助并确保它解决了用户的主要问题(通常是我现在该怎么做"?)和按字母顺序排列的方法列表?这不是帮助，这是虐待.我们将所有帮助都集中在引导人们完成示例任务上.在特别困难的领域，我们还提供多媒体教程.

Third, offer context-sensitive help and make sure that it addresses the user's primary question (which is usually "what do I do now"?) How often have you seen technical help that simply shows you the Inheritance tree, constructor syntax and an alphabetical list of methods? That isn't help, it is abuse. We focused all of our help on walking people through sample tasks. In particularly tough areas, we also offered multimedia tutorials.

第四，为用户提供自定义界面的能力.我们的用户在他们的工作中通常不使用特定的页面"(分析类型).因此，我们让关闭它们变得非常简单，这样用户就会看到一个不会比它更复杂的界面.我们的应用程序通常由高级用户安装，然后由多名员工使用，因此这对我们来说更像是一个胜利，因为我们通常可以指望高级用户了解要关闭的什么.不过，我认为总体来说这是个不错的建议.

Fourth, offer users the ability to customize the interface. Our users often had no use for specific "pages" (analysis types) in their work. Thus, we made it very simple to turn them off so that the user would see an interface that was no more complicated than it had to be. Our app was usually installed by a power user and then used by multiple staff members so this was more of a win for us because we could usually count on the power user to understand what to shut off. However, I think it is good advice in general.

祝你好运！

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