在 virtualenv 中使用全局站点包中的一些模块 [英] make some modules from global site-packages available in virtualenv

问题描述

我想使用 virtualenv 的默认值(无站点包).

I want to use the default (no site packages) of virtualenv.

但是有些模块很难安装在 virtualenv 中(例如 gtk).困难"是指你需要安装很多 c 头文件，并且需要编译很多东西.

But some modules are difficult to install in a virtualenv (for example gtk). With "difficult" I mean that you need to have a lot of c-header files installed and a lot of stuff needs to be compiled.

我知道我可以通过不使用 pip 安装这些包来解决这个问题，而是创建符号链接以使某些模块从全局站点包目录中可用.

I know that I can solve this by not installing these packages with pip, but to create symlinks to make some modules available from the global site-packages directory.

但这是正确的方向吗?

有没有办法用 pip 或 virtualenv 创建符号链接?

Is there a way to create the symlinks with pip or virtualenv?

在 2013 年，我想要一些模块，如 psycopg2、gtk、python-ldap 和其他模块，它们通过 virtualenv 中的 rpm/dpkg 安装在我的 linux 服务器上.

In 2013 I wanted some modules like psycopg2, gtk, python-ldap and other which are installed on my linux server via rpm/dpkg in the virtualenv.

符号链接或其他变通办法确实让事情变得更复杂，而不是更简单.我们今天(2017 年)使用这个选项

The symlinking or other work-arounds did make things more complicated, not simpler. We use this option today (2017)

--system-site-packages

--system-site-packages

授予虚拟环境访问全局的权限网站包.

Give the virtual environment access to the global site-packages.

推荐答案

您如何从头开始编译这些硬"包?你在做什么:

How are you compiling each of these 'hard' packages from scratch? Are you doing something like:

python setup.py install

如果是这样，请将其替换为:

If so, replace that with:

python setup.py bdist_wheel

然后在 ./dist 目录中查找 .whl 文件.然后取出那个文件，然后执行(激活环境后)

Then look in the ./dist directory for a .whl file. Then take whatever that file is, and do (after activating the environment)

pip install `./dist/whateverTheFileIsCalled.whl`

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