未托管在 IIS 中时，通过 HTTP 公开 WCF 服务 [英] Exposing WCF Services Via HTTP when not hosted in IIS

问题描述

正如标题所说，我们需要在 .NET 应用程序和 Adob​​e AIR 应用程序之间设置 WCF 服务.我们不想在机器上运行 IIS，而是更愿意安装和运行托管在 Windows 服务中的 WCF 服务.

但是，我不确定这样做会让我们使用 HTTP 作为传输，或者它是否只能在 IIS 中工作?我能够设置一些东西以使用 TCP 传输，但这与使用 AIR 的互操作性不如使用 HTTP.

我一直在使用一些测试代码来查看它是否有效:

常规控制台应用:

 static void Main(){使用 (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(TestService))){主机.Open();}Console.WriteLine("等待中...");Console.ReadLine();}

TestService 是一个简单的 HelloWorld 类型服务.

在 App.Config 中:

<预><代码><配置><system.serviceModel><服务><服务名称="WCFExample2.TestService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFExample2.TestServiceBehavior"><主机><基地址><add baseAddress = "http://localhost:8731/Design_Time_Addresses/WCFExample2/Service1/"/></baseAddresses></host><!-- 服务端点--><!-- 除非完全限定，否则地址是相对于上面提供的基地址--><端点地址="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCFExample2.ITestService"><!--部署时，应删除或替换以下标识元素以反映部署的服务在其下运行的身份.如果删除，WCF 将推断出适当的身份自动地.--><身份><dns value="localhost"/></身份></端点><!-- 元数据端点--><!-- 服务使用元数据交换端点来向客户端描述自身.--><!-- 此端点不使用安全绑定，应在部署前进行保护或删除--><endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/></服务></服务><行为><服务行为><行为名称="WCFExample2.TestServiceBehavior"><!-- 为避免泄露元数据信息，将下面的值设置为 false 并在部署之前删除上面的元数据端点 --><serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/><!-- 接收故障中的异常详细信息以进行调试，将下面的值设置为 true.部署前设置为false避免泄露异常信息--><serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False"/></行为></serviceBehaviors></行为></system.serviceModel></配置>

解决方案

除了配置文件设置之外，还有一件事需要考虑.如果您在 Windows 服务中自托管，则为 http 端点

• 使服务登录帐户成为机器上的本地管理员或
• 您必须使用 http.sys 为 http 命名空间注册服务帐户.此步骤必须由本地管理员完成，但在每台机器中仅执行一次.您可以使用 HttpSysCfg 工具在 XP/win 2003 中执行此操作. 对于 vista/win 2008，请使用 netsh.

Like the title says, we need to set up WCF services between a .NET app, and a Adobe AIR app. We don't want to run IIS on the machine, and would much prefer to install and run the WCF services hosted within a windows service.

However, I am uncertain of doing that will let us use HTTP as the transport, of does that only work within IIS? I was able to set things up to use the TCP transport, but that doesn't interop with AIR nearly as nice as using HTTP.

EDIT: Some test code I've been using to see if this works:

Regular console app:

    static void Main()
    {
        using (ServiceHost host = new ServiceHost(typeof(TestService)))
        {
            host.Open();
        }

        Console.WriteLine("Waiting...");
        Console.ReadLine();
    }

TestService is a simple HelloWorld type service.

In the App.Config:

<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="WCFExample2.TestService" behaviorConfiguration="WCFExample2.TestServiceBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress = "http://localhost:8731/Design_Time_Addresses/WCFExample2/Service1/" />
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <!-- Service Endpoints -->
        <!-- Unless fully qualified, address is relative to base address supplied above -->
        <endpoint address ="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="WCFExample2.ITestService">
          <!-- 
              Upon deployment, the following identity element should be removed or replaced to reflect the 
              identity under which the deployed service runs.  If removed, WCF will infer an appropriate identity 
              automatically.
          -->
          <identity>
            <dns value="localhost"/>
          </identity>
        </endpoint>
        <!-- Metadata Endpoints -->
        <!-- The Metadata Exchange endpoint is used by the service to describe itself to clients. --> 
        <!-- This endpoint does not use a secure binding and should be secured or removed before deployment -->
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="WCFExample2.TestServiceBehavior">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, 
          set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True"/>
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, 
          set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment 
          to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>

解决方案

Apart from the config file settings one more thing to consider. If you selfhost in a windows service, a http endpoint then

• Make the service login account a local admin on the machine or
• You have to register the service account for the http namespace with http.sys. This step has to be done by a local admin but only once in each machine. You can use the HttpSysCfg tool to do this in XP/win 2003. For vista/win 2008 use netsh.

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