安装到不同位置但引用相同组件的功能部件 [英] Features installed to different locations but referencing the same components
问题描述
我的产品包含多种功能，可以安装到不同的位置，例如功能 1 是安装在 Program Files 中的可执行文件，功能 2 是安装在 wwwroot 中的网站.然而，功能 1 和功能 2 都依赖于许多相同的 dll，因此需要将包含这些 dll 的组件安装在 2 个不同的位置，具体取决于安装的功能.
I have a product that consists of multiple features that can be installed to different locations e.g. Feature 1 is an executable installed in Program Files and Feature 2 is a website installed in wwwroot. However both Feature 1 and Feature 2 rely on many of the same dll's and hence require the components containing those dll's to be installed in 2 different locations depending on which Features are installed.
有没有办法在不定义每个组件两次的情况下实现这一点?
Is there a way to achieve this without defining every component twice?
为了提供我想要实现的更完整的示例，可以使用以下方法编译以下完整的 wxs 文件:
To provide a further complete example of what I am trying to achieve, the following complete wxs file can be compiled using:
>蜡烛.exe Foobar.wxs
> light.exe -ext WixUIExtension Foobar.wixobj
> msiexec/i Foobar.msi
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='windows-1252'?>
<Wix xmlns='http://schemas.microsoft.com/wix/2006/wi'>
<Product Name='Foobar 1.0'
Id='E578DF12-DDE7-4BC2-82CD-FF11862862D5'
UpgradeCode='90F09DD5-E01B-4652-8971-515997730195'
Language='1033'
Codepage='1252'
Version='1.0.0'
Manufacturer='Acme Ltd.'>
<Package Id='*'
Keywords='Installer'
Description="Acme 1.0 Installer"
InstallerVersion='100'
Languages='1033'
Compressed='yes'
SummaryCodepage='1252' />
<Media Id='1' Cabinet='Sample.cab' EmbedCab='yes' DiskPrompt="CD-ROM #1" />
<Property Id='DiskPrompt' Value="Acme 1.0 Installation" />
<Directory Id='TARGETDIR' Name='SourceDir'>
<!-- Directory 1 (Program Files) -->
<Directory Id="ProgramFilesFolder" Name="PFiles">
<Directory Id="PROGRAM_INSTALLDIR" Name="Acme" />
</Directory>
<!-- Directory 2 (wwwroot) -->
<Directory Id="Inetpub" Name="Inetpub">
<Directory Id="wwwroot" Name="wwwroot">
<Directory Id="WEBSITE_INSTALLDIR" Name="AcmeWebSite" />
</Directory>
</Directory>
</Directory>
<DirectoryRef Id='PROGRAM_INSTALLDIR'>
<Component Id="Component1" Guid="79EC9E0B-8325-427B-A865-E1105CB16B62">
<File Id="File1" Name="File1.txt" Source="File1.txt" />
</Component>
</DirectoryRef>
<DirectoryRef Id='WEBSITE_INSTALLDIR'>
<Component Id="Component2" Guid="702E6573-8FBC-4269-A58D-FD1157111F0F">
<File Id="File2" Name="File2.txt" Source="File2.txt" />
</Component>
</DirectoryRef>
<Feature Id="Feature.Program"
Title="My Program"
TypicalDefault="install"
Level="1"
ConfigurableDirectory="PROGRAM_INSTALLDIR" >
<ComponentRef Id="Component1"/>
<ComponentRef Id="Component2"/>
</Feature>
<Feature Id="Feature.Website"
Title="My Website"
TypicalDefault="install"
Level="1"
ConfigurableDirectory="WEBSITE_INSTALLDIR" >
<ComponentRef Id="Component1"/>
<ComponentRef Id="Component2"/>
</Feature>
<UIRef Id="WixUI_Mondo" />
<UIRef Id="WixUI_ErrorProgressText" />
</Product>
</Wix>
然而这将导致只有 File1.txt 被安装在
This will however result in ONLY File1.txt being installed in
C:\Program Files (x86)\Acme
并且只有 File2.txt 被安装在
and ONLY File2.txt being installed in
_C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\AcmeWebsite_
_C:\Inetpub\wwwroot\AcmeWebsite_
一种解决方案是定义组件两次，例如:
One solution is to define the components twice such as:
<DirectoryRef Id='PROGRAM_INSTALLDIR'>
<Component Id="Component1" Guid="79EC9E0B-8325-427B-A865-E1105CB16B62">
<File Id="File1" Name="File1.txt" Source="File1.txt" />
</Component>
<Component Id="Component2" Guid="702E6573-8FBC-4269-A58D-FD1157111F0F">
<File Id="File2" Name="File2.txt" Source="File2.txt" />
</Component>
</DirectoryRef>
<DirectoryRef Id='WEBSITE_INSTALLDIR'>
<Component Id="Component1.Web" Guid="397E93AA-32FB-425A-A783-386E0CCA2357">
<File Id="File1.Web" Name="File1.txt" Source="File1.txt" />
</Component>
<Component Id="Component2.Web" Guid="5C3AFF06-3623-4524-A90B-72B46DE5572A">
<File Id="File2.Web" Name="File2.txt" Source="File2.txt" />
</Component>
</DirectoryRef>
<Feature Id="Feature.Program"
Title="My Program"
TypicalDefault="install"
Level="1"
ConfigurableDirectory="PROGRAM_INSTALLDIR" >
<ComponentRef Id="Component1"/>
<ComponentRef Id="Component2"/>
</Feature>
<Feature Id="Feature.Website"
Title="My Website"
TypicalDefault="install"
Level="1"
ConfigurableDirectory="WEBSITE_INSTALLDIR" >
<ComponentRef Id="Component1.Web"/>
<ComponentRef Id="Component2.Web"/>
</Feature>
但是如果我们添加要安装在另一个位置的第三个功能会怎样?那么我们是否必须再次重新定义每个组件?拥有 100 多个组件，管理重复的组件将成为一项艰巨的任务.
But then what happens if we add a third feature that is to be installed in another location? Do we then have to redefine every component again? With over 100 components, managing duplicate components will become a big job.
有什么建议吗?
推荐答案
您发现 Windows Installer 存在限制.一个组件只能通过 MSI 安装一次.每个组件只能安装到一个目录.要将一个组件的内容安装到两个不同的位置，您必须创建另一个具有相同内容的组件，或者尝试使用 CopyFile 元素来复制内容.
You are seeing a limitation in the Windows Installer. A Component can only be installed once via an MSI. Each Component can only be installed to a single Directory. To have the contents of a Component installed to two different locations, you either have to create another Component with the same content or try to use the CopyFile element to duplicate the content.
可能不是您想听到的，但这就是 Windows Installer 的工作方式.
Probably not what you wanted to hear but that is the way the Windows Installer works.
幸运的是，如果您选择使用选项 1，那么 WiX 工具集只会在组件间压缩重复的内容一次.智能驾驶太棒了！
Fortunately, if you chose to go with option 1, then WiX toolset will only compress the duplicated content across the Components once. Smart cabbing rocks!
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