XSD 文件的用途是什么? [英] What is the purpose of XSD files?

问题描述

既然我们可以从 C# (.NET) 查询 XML 文件，为什么还需要 XSD 文件?我知道它是特定 XML 文件的元数据文件.我们可以在 XSD 中指定关系，但它的功能是什么?

Since we can query on the XML file from C# (.NET), why do we need an XSD file? I know it is metadata file of particular XML file. We can specify the relationships in XSD, but what is its functioning then?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<Root>
  <Customers>
    <Customer CustomerID="GREAL">
      <CompanyName>Great Lakes Food Market</CompanyName>
      <ContactName>Howard Snyder</ContactName>
      <ContactTitle>Marketing Manager</ContactTitle>
      <Phone>[phone]</Phone>
      <FullAddress>
        <Address>2732 Baker Blvd.</Address>
        <City>Eugene</City>
        <Region>OR</Region>
        <PostalCode>97403</PostalCode>
        <Country>USA</Country>
      </FullAddress>
    </Customer>
  </Customers>
  <Orders>
    <Order>
      <CustomerID>GREAL</CustomerID>
      <EmployeeID>6</EmployeeID>
      <OrderDate>1997-05-06T00:00:00</OrderDate>
      <RequiredDate>1997-05-20T00:00:00</RequiredDate>
      <ShipInfo ShippedDate="1997-05-09T00:00:00">
        <ShipVia>2</ShipVia>
        <Freight>3.35</Freight>
        <ShipName>Great Lakes Food Market</ShipName>
        <ShipAddress>2732 Baker Blvd.</ShipAddress>
        <ShipCity>Eugene</ShipCity>
        <ShipRegion>OR</ShipRegion>
        <ShipPostalCode>97403</ShipPostalCode>
        <ShipCountry>USA</ShipCountry>
      </ShipInfo>
    </Order>
    <Order>
      <CustomerID>GREAL</CustomerID>
      <EmployeeID>8</EmployeeID>
      <OrderDate>1997-07-04T00:00:00</OrderDate>
      <RequiredDate>1997-08-01T00:00:00</RequiredDate>
      <ShipInfo ShippedDate="1997-07-14T00:00:00">
        <ShipVia>2</ShipVia>
        <Freight>4.42</Freight>
        <ShipName>Great Lakes Food Market</ShipName>
        <ShipAddress>2732 Baker Blvd.</ShipAddress>
        <ShipCity>Eugene</ShipCity>
        <ShipRegion>OR</ShipRegion>
        <ShipPostalCode>97403</ShipPostalCode>
        <ShipCountry>USA</ShipCountry>
      </ShipInfo>
    </Order>
  </Orders>
</Root>

我想根据提供的 CustomerID 从 Order 元素中获取数据.

I want to get data from the Order elements according to a provided CustomerID.

另外:在 XSD 中给出关系的目的是什么?

Also: What is the purpose of giving the relationships in XSD?

推荐答案

XSD 文件用于验证 XML 文件是否符合某种格式.

XSD files are used to validate that XML files conform to a certain format.

在这方面，它们类似于之前存在的DTD.

In that respect they are similar to DTDs that existed before them.

XSD 和 DTD 的主要区别在于 XSD 是用 XML 编写的，并且被认为更易于阅读和理解.

The main difference between XSD and DTD is that XSD is written in XML and is considered easier to read and understand.

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