OSError: [Errno 36] 文件名太长: [英] OSError: [Errno 36] File name too long:

问题描述

我需要将网页转换为 XML(使用 Python 3.4.3).如果我将 URL 的内容写入文件，那么我可以完美地读取和解析它，但是如果我尝试直接从网页读取，我的终端会出现以下错误:

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文件./AnimeXML.py"，第 22 行，在xml = ElementTree.parse (xmlData)文件/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/xml/etree/ElementTree.py"，第 1187 行，解析tree.parse(源代码，解析器)文件/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/xml/etree/ElementTree.py"，第 587 行，在解析中源 = 开放(源，RB")OSError: [Errno 36] 文件名太长:

我的python代码:

# AnimeXML.py#！/usr/bin/Python# 导入xml解析器.导入 xml.etree.ElementTree 作为 ElementTree#要解析的XML.sampleUrl = "http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/api.xml?anime=16989"# 将 xml 读取为文件.内容 = urlopen (sampleUrl)# XML 内容存储在这里以开始处理它.xmlData = content.readall().decode('utf-8')# 关闭文件.内容.关闭()# 开始解析 XML.xml = ElementTree.parse (xmlData)# 获取 XML 文件的根目录.根 = xml.getroot()root.iter("info") 中的信息:打印(信息属性)

有什么办法可以修复我的代码，以便我可以将网页直接读入 python 而不会出现此错误?

解决方案

如 ElementTree 文档的解析 XML 部分:

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我们可以通过从文件中读取来导入这些数据:

导入 xml.etree.ElementTree 作为 ETtree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')root = tree.getroot()

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或者直接从一个字符串:

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

您将整个 XML 内容作为一个巨大的路径名传递.您的 XML 文件可能大于 2K，或者您的平台的最大路径名大小，因此会出现错误.如果不是，您只会得到一个不同的错误，提示没有名为 [XML 文件中第一个/之前的所有内容].

只需使用 fromstring 而不是 parse.

或者，请注意parse 可以接受一个文件对象，而不仅仅是一个文件名.urlopen 返回的东西 是一个文件对象.

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还要注意该部分的下一行:

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fromstring() 将 XML 从字符串直接解析为 Element，它是解析树的根元素.其他解析函数可能会创建一个 ElementTree.

所以，你也不想要 root = tree.getroot().

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所以:

# ...内容.关闭()root = ElementTree.fromstring(xmlData)

I need to convert a web page to XML (using Python 3.4.3). If I write the contents of the URL to a file then I can read and parse it perfectly but if I try to read directly from the web page I get the following error in my terminal:

File "./AnimeXML.py", line 22, in xml = ElementTree.parse (xmlData) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/xml/etree/ElementTree.py", line 1187, in parse tree.parse(source, parser) File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/lib/python3.4/xml/etree/ElementTree.py", line 587, in parse source = open(source, "rb") OSError: [Errno 36] File name too long:

My python code:

# AnimeXML.py
#! /usr/bin/Python

# Import xml parser.
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ElementTree

# XML to parse.
sampleUrl = "http://cdn.animenewsnetwork.com/encyclopedia/api.xml?anime=16989"

# Read the xml as a file.
content = urlopen (sampleUrl)

# XML content is stored here to start working on it.
xmlData = content.readall().decode('utf-8')

# Close the file.
content.close()

# Start parsing XML.
xml = ElementTree.parse (xmlData)

# Get root of the XML file.
root = xml.getroot()

for info in root.iter("info"):
    print (info.attrib)

Is there any way I can fix my code so that I can read the web page directly into python without getting this error?

解决方案

As explained in the Parsing XML section of the ElementTree docs:

We can import this data by reading from a file:

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
tree = ET.parse('country_data.xml')
root = tree.getroot()

Or directly from a string:

root = ET.fromstring(country_data_as_string)

You're passing the whole XML contents as a giant pathname. Your XML file is probably bigger than 2K, or whatever the maximum pathname size is for your platform, hence the error. If it weren't, you'd just get a different error about there being no directory named [everything up to the first / in your XML file].

Just use fromstring instead of parse.

Or, notice that parse can take a file object, not just a filename. And the thing returned by urlopen is a file object.

---

Also notice the very next line in that section:

fromstring() parses XML from a string directly into an Element, which is the root element of the parsed tree. Other parsing functions may create an ElementTree.

So, you don't want that root = tree.getroot() either.

---

So:

# ...
content.close()
root = ElementTree.fromstring(xmlData)

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