更改 XML 元素顺序，同时保持结构层次结构和属性 [英] Change XML element ordering while keeping structural hierarchy and attributes

问题描述

我希望更改一些 XML 元素的顺序.XML 很复杂，并且由单独的过程生成 - 我不需要对其进行更改，因此我希望使用 XSLT 来纠正元素顺序.

I wish to change the order of some XML elements. The XML is complex and generated by a separate process - I am not fee to change it, so I was hoping to use XSLT to correct the element order.

我不是 XSLT 专家(！)，所以我查找了一些片段并找到了一些内容，只需稍加改动以适应我的情况，几乎就可以工作.我目前最好的版本以正确的顺序输出元素，但去掉了所有的属性.

I am not an XSLT expert(!) so I looked for some snippets and found something that, with minor changes to suit my case, almost works. The best version I have at present outputs elements in the correct order, but strips out all the attributes.

我用我的问题的相关特性创建了一个更简单的 xml 和相应的 xsl.

I created a simpler xml and corresponding xsl with the relevant features of my problem.

这是(虚拟的)示例 xml:

Here is the (dummy) example xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Companies xmlns="company:fruit:ns" Version="1.0">
  <Description>Some example companies and fruit shipments</Description>
  <Company CompanyId="Acme">
    <Description>Some example shipments</Description>
    <Shipment Id="ABC">
      <Description>Some apples</Description>
      <Fruit>
        <Apples>10</Apples>
      </Fruit>
    </Shipment>
    <Shipment Id="DEF">
      <Description>Some oranges and pears</Description>
      <Fruit>
        <Oranges>20</Oranges>
        <Pears>20</Pears>
      </Fruit>
    </Shipment>
    <Shipment Id="JKL">
      <Description>Empty</Description>
      <Fruit/>
    </Shipment>
    <Fruit/>
  </Company>
  <Fruit/>
</Companies>

问题是在 Company-Description 元素之后应该有一个 Company-Fruit 元素(而不是跟在所有 Shipment 元素之后)，并且在 Companies-Description 元素之后应该有一个 Companies-Fruit 元素(而不是跟在所有 Shipment 元素之后)公司 - 公司要素).我使用以下 xsl 转换来更正元素排序:

The problem is that there should be a Company-Fruit element following the Company-Description element (instead it follows all the Shipment elements) and there should be a Companies-Fruit element following the Companies-Description element (instead it follows all the Companies-company elements). I used the following xsl transformation to correct the element ordering:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<xsl:stylesheet xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" version="2.0" xpath-default-namespace="company:fruit:ns">
  <!-- See http://xsltbyexample.blogspot.com/2008/02/re-arrange-order-of-elements-in-xml.html -->
  <xsl:output omit-xml-declaration="no" indent="yes" method="xml" encoding="utf-8"/>
  <xsl:strip-space elements="*"/>
  <xsl:template match="*">
    <xsl:apply-templates select="self::*" mode="copy"/>
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template match="Company/Description">
    <xsl:message>Matched Company Description</xsl:message>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="self::*" mode="copy"/>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="../Fruit" mode="copy"/>
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template match="Companies/Description">
    <xsl:message>Matched Companies Description</xsl:message>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="self::*" mode="copy"/>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="../Fruit" mode="copy"/>
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template match="Company/Fruit"/>
  <xsl:template match="Companies/Fruit"/>
  <xsl:template match="*" mode="copy">
    <xsl:copy>
      <xsl:apply-templates/>
    </xsl:copy>
  </xsl:template>
  <xsl:template match="text()">
    <xsl:value-of select="."/>
  </xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>

生成的 xml 具有正确的顺序，但大部分属性已被删除:

The resulting xml has the right ordering but most of the attributes have been stripped out:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Companies xmlns="company:fruit:ns">
   <Description>Some example companies and fruit shipments</Description>
   <Fruit/>
   <Company>
      <Description>Some example shipments</Description>
      <Fruit/>
      <Shipment>
         <Description>Some apples</Description>
         <Fruit>
            <Apples>10</Apples>
         </Fruit>
      </Shipment>
      <Shipment>
         <Description>Some oranges and pears</Description>
         <Fruit>
            <Apples>20</Apples>
            <Pears>20</Pears>
         </Fruit>
      </Shipment>
      <Shipment>
         <Description>Empty</Description>
         <Fruit/>
      </Shipment>
   </Company>
</Companies>

我欢迎来自 XSLT 专家的任何建议！

I would welcome any advice from the XSLT experts out there!

推荐答案

应该保持几乎所有输入不变的转换最好从标识模板开始.

Transformations that should keep nearly all the input unchanged are best started with the identity template.

<xsl:template match="node() | @*">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:apply-templates select="node() | @*" />
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

然后相应地覆盖该模板.

Then you override that template accordingly.

<!-- throw away <Fruit> elements, initially - they are handled separately -->
<xsl:template match="Company/Fruit | Companies/Fruit" />

<!-- re-build <Company> and <Companies> in the correct order -->
<xsl:template match="Company | Companies">
  <xsl:copy>
    <xsl:copy-of select="@*" />
    <xsl:copy-of select="Fruit" />
    <xsl:apply-templates select="node()" />
  </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

然后你就完成了.

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