Python:忽略 xml.etree.ElementTree 中的命名空间? [英] Python: ignoring namespaces in xml.etree.ElementTree?

问题描述

如何告诉 ElementTree 忽略 XML 文件中的命名空间?

How can I tell ElementTree to ignore namespaces in an XML file?

例如，我更喜欢查询modelVersion(如语句1)而不是{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion(如语句 2 中所示).

For example, I would prefer to query modelVersion (as in statement 1) rather than {http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion (as in statement 2).

pom="""
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
         http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
</project>
"""

from xml.etree import ElementTree
ElementTree.register_namespace("","http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0")
root = ElementTree.fromstring(pom)

print 1,root.findall('modelVersion')
print 2,root.findall('{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion')

1 []
2 [<Element '{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion' at 0x1006bff10>]

推荐答案

这是不使用 shell 的等效解决方案.基本思路:

Here's the equivalent solution without using the shell. Basic idea:

• 将<项目垃圾...>翻译成
• 执行干净"处理而无需担心命名空间
• 将翻译回

• translate <project junk...> to <project>
• perform "clean" processing without worrying about the namespace
• translate <project> back to <project junk...>

使用新代码:

pom="""
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
</project>
"""
short_project="""<project>"""
long_project="""<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">"""

import re,sys
from xml.etree import ElementTree

# eliminate namespace specs
pom=re.compile('<project [^>]*>').sub(short_project,pom)

root = ElementTree.fromstring(pom)
ElementTree.dump(root)
print 1,root.findall('modelVersion')
print 2,root.findall('{http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0}modelVersion')
mv=root.findall('modelVersion')

# restore the namespace specs
pom=ElementTree.tostring(root)
pom=re.compile(short_project).sub(long_project,pom)

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