HttpContext.User 身份信息总是返回 null [英] HttpContext.User Identity information always return null
问题描述
我使用 .net 核心 3.1.6.关于这个有很多答案，我尝试了所有但每次都失败了.所以我创建了新的测试 MVC 项目并添加了身份验证.
I use .net core 3.1.6. There are lots of answer about this and I try all but failed each time. So I create new test MVC project and add authentication.
我尝试使用CurrentUserService"类并获取登录的用户信息.但是，每次我都得到空结果.
I try to use a "CurrentUserService" class and get logged user information. However, every each time I get null result.
我的startup.cs
My startup.cs
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services) {
services.AddDbContext<ApplicationDbContext>(options =>
options.UseSqlServer(
Configuration.GetConnectionString("DefaultConnection")));
services.AddDefaultIdentity<IdentityUser>(options => options.SignIn.RequireConfirmedAccount = true)
.AddEntityFrameworkStores<ApplicationDbContext>();
services.AddHttpContextAccessor();
services.AddScoped<ICurrentUserService, CurrentUserService>();
services.AddControllersWithViews();
services.AddRazorPages();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env) {
if (env.IsDevelopment()) {
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
app.UseDatabaseErrorPage();
}
else {
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
// The default HSTS value is 30 days. You may want to change this for production scenarios, see https://aka.ms/aspnetcore-hsts.
app.UseHsts();
}
app.UseHttpsRedirection();
app.UseStaticFiles();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints => {
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
}
还有我的 CurrentUserService.cs
And my CurrentUserService.cs
public class CurrentUserService : ICurrentUserService {
private IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
public CurrentUserService(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor) {
_httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
//I add x for test purpose and there is no user information here.
var x = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.User?.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
}
public string UserId {
get {
var userIdClaim = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.User?.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
return userIdClaim;
}
}
public bool IsAuthenticated => UserId != null;
}
ICurrentUser.cs
ICurrentUser.cs
public interface ICurrentUserService {
string UserId { get; }
bool IsAuthenticated { get; }
}
DbContext.cs
DbContext.cs
public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext {
private readonly ICurrentUserService _currentUserService;
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
: base(options) {
}
public ApplicationDbContext(
DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options,
ICurrentUserService currentUserService)
: base(options) {
_currentUserService = currentUserService;
}
}
调试屏幕截图:
推荐答案
HttpContext 仅在请求期间有效.Startup 中的 Configure 方法不是网络调用，而是，因此，没有 HttpContext.当 .NET Core 为对 Configure 的调用创建 ApplicationDbContext 类时，没有有效的上下文.
HttpContext is only valid during a request.The Configure method in Startup is not a web call and, as such, does not have a HttpContext. When .NET Core creates an ApplicationDbContext class for the call to Configure there is no valid context.
当您发送请求Home/Index时，您可以在控制器中获取HttpContext:
You could get the HttpContext in the controller when you send request Home/Index:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;
public HomeController(IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor)
{
_httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
var x = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.User?.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier); //get in the constructor
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
// you could also get in your method
var x = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext?.User?.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
return View();
}
}
结果:
更新:
只有调用这个服务，才能得到数据:
Only if you call this service,then you could get the data:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private readonly ICurrentUserService _service;
public HomeController(ICurrentUserService service)
{
_service = service;
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
var data = _service.UserId;
return View();
}
}
如果要获取中间件中的数据，请检查:
If you want to get the data in the middleware,please check:
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.Use(async (context, next) =>
{
await next.Invoke();
var data = context.User.FindFirstValue(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier);
});
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllerRoute(
name: "default",
pattern: "{controller=Home}/{action=Index}/{id?}");
endpoints.MapRazorPages();
});
更新 2:
无论你用哪种方式创建ApplicationDbContext实例，除非你调用它，否则它无法单独获取服务.无论如何，你总是需要在下一个业务层调用服务.
No matter which way you create the ApplicationDbContext instance,it could not separately get the service unless you call it.Anyway,you always need to call the service in the next business layer.
简单的方法是创建一个新方法然后调用ApplicationDbContext:
The simple way is to create a new method then you call ApplicationDbContext:
1.ApplicationContext:
1.ApplicationContext:
public class ApplicationDbContext : IdentityDbContext
{
private readonly ICurrentUserService _currentUserService;
public ApplicationDbContext(DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options)
: base(options)
{
}
public ApplicationDbContext(
DbContextOptions<ApplicationDbContext> options,
ICurrentUserService currentUserService)
: base(options)
{
_currentUserService = currentUserService;
}
public string GetId()
{
var data = _currentUserService.UserId;
return data;
}
}
2.控制器:
public class HomeController : Controller
{
private readonly ILogger<HomeController> _logger;
private readonly ApplicationDbContext _context;
public HomeController(ILogger<HomeController> logger, ApplicationDbContext context)
{
_context = context;
_logger = logger;
}
public IActionResult Index()
{
var data = _context.GetId();
return View();
}
}
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