Android Studio Ble Gatt 连接将数据写入自定义服务特性 [英] Android Studio Ble Gatt connection writing data to a custom service characteristic

问题描述

我正在尝试将一些自定义数据写入带有自定义服务的 BLE 设备.我遵循了本教程:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUbFB1Qypg8&feature=emb_logo 来自安卓.

I am trying to write some custom data to a BLE device with a custom service on it. I have followed this tutorial: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vUbFB1Qypg8&feature=emb_logo which is from android.

我可以看到带有数据的自定义服务.同样通过另一个应用程序(NRF 连接)，我可以将数据写入此自定义服务.因此，我知道可以将数据写入服务.

I can see my custom service with data on it. Also via another application (NRF connect) I can write data to this custom service. Therefore, I know its possible to write data to the service.

我遇到的问题是如何使用 BluetoothGatt 将数据写入自定义服务的其他示例，而此代码似乎使用 BluetoothLeService.这是一个问题，因为文档似乎没有用于 BluetoothLeService 的读取 API.所以我不能使用像 mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(mReadCharacteristic);

The issue I have is other examples of how to write data to the custom service use BluetoothGatt whereas, this code seems to use BluetoothLeService instead. This is an issue as the documentation does not seem to have a read API for the BluetoothLeService. So I can not use something like mBluetoothGatt.readCharacteristic(mReadCharacteristic);

如何创建一个函数来将值(整数)写入特征.我的服务 UUID 是:f3641400-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"

How can I go about creating a function to write a value (integer) to the characterisitic. My UUID for the service is: "f3641400-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"

我的特征 UUID 是:f3641401-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"

My UUID for the characteristic is: "f3641401-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"

作为参考，我的代码如下:

For reference my code is below:

public class DeviceControlActivity extends Activity {
private final static String TAG = 
DeviceControlActivity.class.getSimpleName();

public static final String EXTRAS_DEVICE_NAME = "DEVICE_NAME";
public static final String EXTRAS_DEVICE_ADDRESS = "DEVICE_ADDRESS";

private TextView mConnectionState;
private TextView mDataField;
private EditText Command_string;
private BluetoothGatt mGatt;
private Button btn_gatt_connect;
private Button btn_live,btn_command;
private String mDeviceName;
private String mDeviceAddress;
private String User_data;
private ExpandableListView mGattServicesList;
private BluetoothLeService mBluetoothLeService;
private ArrayList<ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>> mGattCharacteristics =
        new ArrayList<ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>>();
private boolean mConnected = false;
private BluetoothGattCharacteristic mNotifyCharacteristic;

private final String LIST_NAME = "NAME";
private final String LIST_UUID = "UUID";
private String Switch_case ="Connect";
private boolean Write_ble_command = true;

// Code to manage Service lifecycle.
private final ServiceConnection mServiceConnection = new ServiceConnection() {

    @Override
    public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName componentName, IBinder service) {
        mBluetoothLeService = ((BluetoothLeService.LocalBinder) service).getService();
        if (!mBluetoothLeService.initialize()) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
            finish();
        }
        // Automatically connects to the device upon successful start-up initialization.
        mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
    }

    @Override
    public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName componentName) {
        mBluetoothLeService = null;
    }
};

// Handles various events fired by the Service.
// ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED: connected to a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED: disconnected from a GATT server.
// ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED: discovered GATT services.
// ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE: received data from the device.  This can be a result of read
//                        or notification operations.
private final BroadcastReceiver mGattUpdateReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        final String action = intent.getAction();
        if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED.equals(action)) {
            mConnected = true;
            updateConnectionState(R.string.connected);
            invalidateOptionsMenu();
        } else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED.equals(action)) {
            mConnected = false;
            updateConnectionState(R.string.disconnected);
            invalidateOptionsMenu();
            clearUI();
        } else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED.equals(action)) {
            // Show all the supported services and characteristics on the user interface.
            displayGattServices(mBluetoothLeService.getSupportedGattServices());
        } else if (BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE.equals(action)) {
            displayData(intent.getStringExtra(BluetoothLeService.EXTRA_DATA));
        }
    }
};
// If a given GATT characteristic is selected, check for supported features.  This sample
// demonstrates 'Read' and 'Notify' features.  See
// http://d.android.com/reference/android/bluetooth/BluetoothGatt.html for the complete
// list of supported characteristic features.
private final ExpandableListView.OnChildClickListener servicesListClickListner =
        new ExpandableListView.OnChildClickListener() {
            @Override
            public boolean onChildClick(ExpandableListView parent, View v, int groupPosition,
                                        int childPosition, long id) {
                if (mGattCharacteristics != null) {
                    final BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic =
                            mGattCharacteristics.get(groupPosition).get(childPosition);
                    final int charaProp = characteristic.getProperties();
                    if ((charaProp | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_READ) > 0) {
                        // If there is an active notification on a characteristic, clear
                        // it first so it doesn't update the data field on the user interface.
                        if (mNotifyCharacteristic != null) {
                            mBluetoothLeService.setCharacteristicNotification(
                                    mNotifyCharacteristic, false);
                            mNotifyCharacteristic = null;
                        }
                        mBluetoothLeService.readCharacteristic(characteristic);
                    }
                    if ((charaProp | BluetoothGattCharacteristic.PROPERTY_NOTIFY) > 0) {
                        mNotifyCharacteristic = characteristic;
                        mBluetoothLeService.setCharacteristicNotification(
                                characteristic, true);
                    }
                    return true;
                }
                return false;
            }
        };

private void Gatt_Connect()
{
    switch(Switch_case) {
        case "Connect":
            btn_gatt_connect.setText("Disconnect");//Presently connected allow to disconnect
            mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
            Switch_case = "Disconnect";
            break;
        case "Disconnect":
            btn_gatt_connect.setText("Connect");//Presently disconnected allow to connect
            mBluetoothLeService.disconnect();
            Switch_case = "Connect";
            break;
    }

}
private void Live_data(){
    //Ensure you are disconnected
    btn_gatt_connect.setText("Connect");//Presently disconnected allow to connect
    mBluetoothLeService.disconnect();//Might only run if connected
    Switch_case = "Connect";
    Intent myIntent = new Intent(DeviceControlActivity.this, MainActivity.class);
    Bundle bundle = new Bundle();
    bundle.putString("User_data", User_data);//Pass through the user's email address to the main activity for display
    myIntent.putExtras(bundle);
    DeviceControlActivity.this.startActivity(myIntent);//Run the main activity}
}
private void clearUI() {
    mGattServicesList.setAdapter((SimpleExpandableListAdapter) null);
    mDataField.setText(R.string.no_data);
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.gatt_services_characteristics);

    //Get the extras passed in
    Bundle bundle = getIntent().getExtras();
    mDeviceName = bundle.getString("Device_Name");
    mDeviceAddress = bundle.getString("Device_Address");
    User_data = bundle.getString("User_data");

    // Sets up UI references.
    ((TextView) findViewById(R.id.device_address)).setText(mDeviceAddress);

    Command_string = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.Command_string);
    btn_gatt_connect = (Button)findViewById(R.id.btn_gatt_connect);
    btn_live = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_live);
    btn_command = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_command);
    btn_gatt_connect.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Gatt_Connect();
        }
    });

    btn_gatt_connect.setText("Disconnect");//Presently disconnected allow to connect

    btn_live.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Live_data();
        }
    });
    btn_command.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            Send_Command();//Sends the command in the text box to the nordic board
        }
    });

    mGattServicesList = (ExpandableListView) findViewById(R.id.gatt_services_list);
    mGattServicesList.setOnChildClickListener(servicesListClickListner);
    mConnectionState = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.connection_state);
    mDataField = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.data_value);

    //setTitle(mDeviceAddress);//Change the title to Scanner as the device is no longer being read
    Intent gattServiceIntent = new Intent(DeviceControlActivity.this, BluetoothLeService.class);
    bindService(gattServiceIntent, mServiceConnection, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);
}
@Override
protected void onResume() {
    super.onResume();
    registerReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver, makeGattUpdateIntentFilter());
    if (mBluetoothLeService != null) {
        final boolean result = mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
        Log.d(TAG, "Connect request result=" + result);
    }
}
@Override
protected void onPause() {
    super.onPause();
    unregisterReceiver(mGattUpdateReceiver);
}
@Override
protected void onDestroy() {
    super.onDestroy();
    unbindService(mServiceConnection);
    mBluetoothLeService = null;
}

protected void Send_Command()
{
    Write_ble_command = true;//Write command issued on display gatt service
}
@Override
public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {
    getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.gatt_services, menu);
    if (mConnected) {
        menu.findItem(R.id.menu_connect).setVisible(false);
        menu.findItem(R.id.menu_disconnect).setVisible(true);
    } else {
        menu.findItem(R.id.menu_connect).setVisible(true);
        menu.findItem(R.id.menu_disconnect).setVisible(false);
    }
    return true;
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
    switch(item.getItemId()) {
        case R.id.menu_connect:
            mBluetoothLeService.connect(mDeviceAddress);
            return true;
        case R.id.menu_disconnect:
            mBluetoothLeService.disconnect();
            return true;
        case android.R.id.home:
            onBackPressed();
            return true;
    }
    return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
private void updateConnectionState(final int resourceId) {
    runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            mConnectionState.setText(resourceId);
        }
    });
}
private void displayData(String data) {
    if (data != null) {
        mDataField.setText(data);
    }
}
// Demonstrates how to iterate through the supported GATT Services/Characteristics.
// In this sample, we populate the data structure that is bound to the ExpandableListView
// on the UI.
private void displayGattServices(List<BluetoothGattService> gattServices) {
    if (gattServices == null) return;
    String uuid = null;
    String unknownServiceString = getResources().getString(R.string.unknown_service);
    String unknownCharaString = getResources().getString(R.string.unknown_characteristic);
    ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> gattServiceData = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
    ArrayList<ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>> gattCharacteristicData
            = new ArrayList<ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>>();
    mGattCharacteristics = new ArrayList<ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>>();

    // Loops through available GATT Services.
    for (BluetoothGattService gattService : gattServices) {
        HashMap<String, String> currentServiceData = new HashMap<String, String>();
        uuid = gattService.getUuid().toString();
        currentServiceData.put(
                LIST_NAME, SampleGattAttributes.lookup(uuid, unknownServiceString));
        currentServiceData.put(LIST_UUID, uuid);
        gattServiceData.add(currentServiceData);

        ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> gattCharacteristicGroupData =
                new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>();
        List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> gattCharacteristics =
                gattService.getCharacteristics();
        ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> charas =
                new ArrayList<BluetoothGattCharacteristic>();

        // Loops through available Characteristics.
        for (BluetoothGattCharacteristic gattCharacteristic : gattCharacteristics) {
            charas.add(gattCharacteristic);
            HashMap<String, String> currentCharaData = new HashMap<String, String>();
            uuid = gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString();
            currentCharaData.put(
                    LIST_NAME, SampleGattAttributes.lookup(uuid, unknownCharaString));
            currentCharaData.put(LIST_UUID, uuid);
            gattCharacteristicGroupData.add(currentCharaData);
        }
        mGattCharacteristics.add(charas);
        gattCharacteristicData.add(gattCharacteristicGroupData);
    }

    SimpleExpandableListAdapter gattServiceAdapter = new SimpleExpandableListAdapter(
            this,
            gattServiceData,
            android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_2,
            new String[] {LIST_NAME, LIST_UUID},
            new int[] { android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text2 },
            gattCharacteristicData,
            android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_2,
            new String[] {LIST_NAME, LIST_UUID},
            new int[] { android.R.id.text1, android.R.id.text2 }
    );
    mGattServicesList.setAdapter(gattServiceAdapter);

}
private static IntentFilter makeGattUpdateIntentFilter() {
    final IntentFilter intentFilter = new IntentFilter();
    intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_CONNECTED);
    intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_DISCONNECTED);
    intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_GATT_SERVICES_DISCOVERED);
    intentFilter.addAction(BluetoothLeService.ACTION_DATA_AVAILABLE);
    return intentFilter;
}

}

推荐答案

我通过在 Bluetoothle 服务内部创建一个函数解决了我的问题.这是蓝牙 gatt 连接所在的位置.功能就是这样.

I fixed my issue by creating a function inside of the Bluetoothle service. This is where the bluetooth gatt connection is. The function is like so.

public void writeCharacteristic(int Data) {
    if (mBluetoothAdapter == null || mBluetoothGatt == null) {
        Log.w(TAG, "BluetoothAdapter not initialized");
        return;
    }

    byte[] value = intToByteArray(Data);

    BluetoothGattService mCustomService = mBluetoothGatt.getService(UUID.fromString("f3641400-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"));
    if(mCustomService == null){
        Log.w(TAG, "Custom BLE Service not found");
        return;
    }
    /*get the read characteristic from the service*/
    BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic = mCustomService.getCharacteristic(UUID.fromString("f3641401-00b0-4240-ba50-05ca45bf8abc"));
    characteristic.setValue(value);
    mBluetoothGatt.writeCharacteristic(characteristic);
}

它只需要一个数据(传入它的 Int 值).然后这个被我的蓝牙板接收，可以在终端上看到它的数据被正确发送.

It just needs a data (Int value passing into it). Then this is received by my Bluetooth board and, can see its data on a terminal being sent correctly.

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