Ansible - 如何在 playbook 运行时控制主机的顺序 [英] Ansible - how to control the order of the hosts when playbook is ran

问题描述

假设我们在库存文件中定义了两台机器:

Let's say that we have defined two machines in our inventory file:

[db-server-preprod]172.16.0.1172.16.0.2

如果我针对该组运行剧本，如果序列为 0，则将在两台机器上同时运行，如果为 1，则按顺序运行，并且顺序似乎是在组中定义 IP 的顺序.

If I run a playbook against this group will run in the same time on both machines if serial is 0 or sequentially if is 1 and the order seems to be the one in which the IPs are defined in the group.

但问题是我是否可以控制在定义的机器上执行 playbook 的顺序?

同一角色对于其中一台机器(主机)的行为与其他所有机器略有不同，但重要的是，我想成为主机的机器将是剧本执行的第一个机器.

The same role behaves slightly different for one of the machines (the master) as opposed to all the others but is important that the machine that I want to be the master will be the first one on which the playbook executes.

我目前的想法:

• 创建不同的组名，其中 IP 的顺序颠倒并基于在一台主机或另一台主机上运行的需要，但缺点是我认为我需要复制 group_vars，因此每个 db 都会有一个-server-preprod* 变体 + 所有其他环境.
• 将安装分为两个不同的角色 - 一个用于主服务器和备用服务器，根据需要，我将在我想要的机器上运行我想要的那个.

• create different group names in which the order of the IPs is reversed and based on needs run on one host or another but the disadvantage is that I think I would need to duplicate group_vars so there will be one for each db-server-preprod* variant + all the other environments.
• separate the installation on two different roles - one for master and for standby servers and based on the needs I will run the one that I want on which machine I want.

推荐答案

你可以把你的主控主机放在单独的组中，然后一次性对所有服务器应用通用角色，然后只将主角色应用到主服务器，而从-使用排除模式将角色分配给除主服务器之外的所有服务器.

You may place your master host into separate group, then apply common role to all servers at once, then apply master-roles only to master server, and slave-roles to all servers except master using excluding pattern.

库存:

[all-servers]
host1
host2
host3
host4

[master-server]
host2

剧本:

---
- hosts: all-servers
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - debug: msg=role-common

- hosts: master-server
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - debug: msg=role-master

- hosts: all-servers:!master-server
  gather_facts: no
  tasks:
    - debug: msg=role-slave

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