如何使用 Ansible 获取已安装的 yum 包? [英] How to get the installed yum packages with Ansible?

问题描述

我正在尝试在 RHEL 机器上获取所有已安装的 yum 包.我可以很容易地通过使用非幂等的 shell 命令来实现它，我想改用 yum 命令.

Shell 命令工作正常:

- name: yum 列出包shell: yum list 已安装 >build_server_info.config

但是当我尝试使用 yum 命令时，它只是执行但不给出任何结果:

- 名称:yum_command行动:yum list=${pkg} list=available

解决方案

我可以使用非幂等的 shell 命令轻松获得它

当您查询机器的当前状态时，您不能真正谈论幂等性.

幂等"意味着无论您运行某个任务多少次，该任务都会确保机器处于期望状态.

当您查询当前状态时，您没有描述所需的状态.不管你做什么，你用什么方法，幂等"这个词都不适用.

<小时>

关于你的例子，它没有给你结果 - 你重复了两次相同的参数 list 并且任务应该失败(它没有，这看起来像 Ansible 怪癖).

要获取已安装软件包的列表，您应该使用:

- 名称:yum_command嗯:列表=已安装注册:yum_packages- 调试:变量:yum_packages

它将描述每个包的字典列表保存到变量 yum_packages 中.

然后您可以使用 JSON 查询过滤器来获取单个包 (tar):

- 调试:var=itemwith_items: "{{yum_packages|json_query(jsonquery)}}"变量:jsonquery: "results[?name=='tar']"

得到这样的结果:

项目":{"arch": "x86_64","纪元": "2","name": "焦油","nevra": "2:tar-1.26-31.el7.x86_64","发布": "31.el7","repo": "已安装","版本": "1.26","yumstate": "已安装"}

或者只是它的版本:

- 调试:var=itemwith_items: "{{yum_packages|json_query(jsonquery)}}"变量:jsonquery: "results[?name=='tar'].version"

"item": "1.26"

I am trying to get all the installed yum package on an RHEL machine. I can easily get it through using shell commands which is not idempotent and would like to use the yum command instead.

Shell command works fine:

- name: yum list packages
  shell: yum list installed > build_server_info.config

But when I try to use the yum command it just executes but do not give any results:

- name: yum_command 
  action: yum list=${pkg} list=available

解决方案

I can easily get it through using shell commands which is not idempotent

You can't really talk about idempotence, when you are querying the current state of a machine.

"Idempontent" means that the task will ensure the machine is in the desired state no matter how many times you run a certain task.

When you query current state, you don't describe the desired state. No matter what you do, what method you use, the term "idempotent" is just not applicable.

---

Regarding your example, which does not give you results - you have repeated twice the same argument list and the task should fail (it doesn't, which looks like an Ansible quirk).

To get a list of installed packages, you should use:

- name: yum_command 
  yum:
    list=installed
  register: yum_packages

- debug:
    var: yum_packages

It saves a list of dictionaries describing each package to a variable yum_packages.

You can then use a JSON Query Filter to get a single package (tar):

- debug: var=item
  with_items: "{{yum_packages|json_query(jsonquery)}}"
  vars:
    jsonquery: "results[?name=='tar']"

to get a result like this:

"item": {
    "arch": "x86_64",
    "epoch": "2",
    "name": "tar",
    "nevra": "2:tar-1.26-31.el7.x86_64",
    "release": "31.el7",
    "repo": "installed",
    "version": "1.26",
    "yumstate": "installed"
}

Or only its version:

- debug: var=item
  with_items: "{{yum_packages|json_query(jsonquery)}}"
  vars:
    jsonquery: "results[?name=='tar'].version"

"item": "1.26"

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