在 ansible playbook 文件中指定 ssh 密钥 [英] Specifying ssh key in ansible playbook file

问题描述

Ansible playbook 可以在命令行中使用 --key-file 指定用于 ssh 连接的密钥.

Ansible playbook can specify the key used for ssh connection using --key-file on the command line.

ansible-playbook -i hosts playbook.yml --key-file "~/.ssh/mykey.pem"

是否可以在 playbook 文件中指定此密钥的位置，而不是在命令行中使用 --key-file?

Is it possible to specify the location of this key in playbook file instead of using --key-file on command line?

因为我想把这个key的位置写到一个var.yaml文件中，这个文件会被带有vars_files:的ansible playbook读取.

Because I want to write the location of this key into a var.yaml file, which will be read by ansible playbook with vars_files:.

以下是我的配置部分:

vars.yml 文件

vars.yml file

key1: ~/.ssh/mykey1.pem
key2: ~/.ssh/mykey2.pem

playbook.yml 文件

playbook.yml file

---

- hosts: myHost
  remote_user: ubuntu
  key_file: {{ key1 }}  # This is not a valid syntax in ansible. Does there exist this kind of directive which allows me to specify the ssh key used for this connection?
  vars_files:
    - vars.yml
  tasks:
    - name: Echo a hello message
      command: echo hello

我尝试在 vars 下添加 ansible_ssh_private_key_file.但它在我的机器上不起作用.

I've tried adding ansible_ssh_private_key_file under vars. But it doesn't work on my machine.

vars_files:
  - vars.yml
vars:
  ansible_ssh_private_key_file: "{{ key1 }}"
tasks:
  - name: Echo a hello message
    command: echo hello

如果我使用上面的 playbook.yml 运行 ansible-playbook.我收到以下错误:

If I run ansible-playbook with the playbook.yml above. I got the following error:

TASK [Gathering Facts] ******************************************************************************************************************************
Using module file /usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/ansible/modules/system/setup.py
<192.168.5.100> ESTABLISH SSH CONNECTION FOR USER: ubuntu
<192.168.5.100> SSH: EXEC ssh -C -o ControlMaster=auto -o ControlPersist=60s -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o KbdInteractiveAuthentication=no -o PreferredAuthentications=gssapi-with-mic,gssapi-keyex,hostbased,publickey -o PasswordAuthentication=no -o User=ubuntu -o ConnectTimeout=10 -o ControlPath=/Users/myName/.ansible/cp/2d18691789 192.168.5.100 '/bin/sh -c '"'"'echo ~ && sleep 0'"'"''
<192.168.5.100> (255, '', 'Permission denied (publickey).\r\n')
fatal: [192.168.5.100]: UNREACHABLE! => {
    "changed": false,
    "msg": "Failed to connect to the host via ssh: Permission denied (publickey).\r\n",
    "unreachable": true
}
    to retry, use: --limit @/Users/myName/playbook.retry

我在 ssh 命令中找不到我的密钥文件的名称.很奇怪.

I don't find the name of my key file in the ssh command. It's strange.

推荐答案

您要查找的变量名称是 ansible_ssh_private_key_file.

The variable name you're looking for is ansible_ssh_private_key_file.

您应该将其设置为vars"级别:

You should set it at 'vars' level:

• 在清单文件中:

• in the inventory file:

  myHost ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/mykey1.pem
  myOtherHost ansible_ssh_private_key_file=~/.ssh/mykey2.pem

在host_vars中:

  # host_vars/myHost.yml
  ansible_ssh_private_key_file: ~/.ssh/mykey1.pem

  # host_vars/myOtherHost.yml
  ansible_ssh_private_key_file: ~/.ssh/mykey2.pem

在 group_vars 文件中，如果您对一组主机使用相同的密钥

in a group_vars file if you use the same key for a group of hosts

在剧中条目的 vars 部分:

in the vars section of an entry in a play:

  - hosts: myHost
    remote_user: ubuntu
    vars_files:
      - vars.yml
    vars:
      ansible_ssh_private_key_file: "{{ key1 }}"
    tasks:
      - name: Echo a hello message
        command: echo hello

在游戏条目(任务)中设置事实:

     - name: 'you name it'
       ansible.builtin.set_fact:
         ansible_ssh_private_key_file: "{{ key1 }}"

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