无法使用 ant 构建 android 测试项目 [英] Unable to build android test project with ant

问题描述

我有一个使用 Eclipse 创建的示例 Android 应用程序，有一个 Activity.我运行这个命令来为这个项目构建 ant 构建文件:

I have a sample Android app, created with Eclipse, having one Activity. I ran this command to build the ant build files for this project:

android create project --target 8 --name SampleApp --path ./SampleApp --activity MainActivity --package com.example.sampleapp

运行ant debug"成功构建项目并创建apk文件:

Running "ant debug" successfully builds the project and creates the apk files:

-post-build:

debug:

BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 1 second

现在，我想创建一个 Android 测试项目.我运行这个命令:

Now, I want to create an Android Test Project. I run this command:

android create test-project -m ../SampleApp -n SampleAppTest -p SampleAppTest

这成功地创建了包含构建文件的 SampleAppTest 目录.我有一个类，src/com/example/sampleapp/MainActivityTest.java:

This successfully created the SampleAppTest directory containing the build files. I have a single class, src/com/example/sampleapp/MainActivityTest.java:

package com.example.sampleapp;

import android.test.ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2;

public class MainActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {

    public MainActivityTest() {
        super("com.example.sampleapp", MainActivity.class);
    }

}

我想构建这个项目.在此处找到的教程 http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_otheride.html#RunTestsAnt 它说我应该能够做蚂蚁运行测试".不幸的是，这个目标不存在:

I want to build this project. In the tutorial found here http://developer.android.com/tools/testing/testing_otheride.html#RunTestsAnt it says I should be able to do "ant run-tests". Unfortunately this target does not exist:

$ ant run-tests
Buildfile: /Users/cmuraru/Work/androidtest/SampleAppTest/build.xml

BUILD FAILED
Target "run-tests" does not exist in the project "SampleAppTest". 

Total time: 0 seconds

如果我尝试ant debug"，我会在编译时收到一个错误，指出找不到 MainActivity 类(来自 SampleApp).

If I try "ant debug" I receive an error when compiling, stating that the MainActivity class (from SampleApp) can not be found.

-compile:
    [javac] Compiling 2 source files to /Users/cmuraru/Work/androidtest/build/test/classes
    [javac] /Users/cmuraru/Work/androidtest/SampleAppTest/src/com/example/sampleapp/MainActivityTest.java:15: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol: class MainActivity
    [javac] public class MainActivityTest extends ActivityInstrumentationTestCase2<MainActivity> {
    [javac]                                                                        ^
    [javac] /Users/cmuraru/Work/androidtest/SampleAppTest/src/com/example/sampleapp/MainActivityTest.java:18: cannot find symbol
    [javac] symbol  : class MainActivity
    [javac] location: class com.example.sampleapp.MainActivityTest
    [javac]         super("com.example.sampleapp", MainActivity.class);
    [javac]                                        ^
    [javac] 2 errors

BUILD FAILED
/Users/cmuraru/Work/android-sdk-macosx/tools/ant/build.xml:705: The following error occurred while executing this line:
/Users/cmuraru/Work/android-sdk-macosx/tools/ant/build.xml:718: Compile failed; see the compiler error output for details.

Total time: 1 second

尝试蚂蚁测试"时，它也失败了:

When trying "ant test", it also fails:

test:
     [echo] Running tests ...
     [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: id=ActivityManagerService
     [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS: Error=Unable to find instrumentation info for: ComponentInfo{com.example.sampleapp.tests/android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner}
     [exec] INSTRUMENTATION_STATUS_CODE: -1
     [exec] android.util.AndroidException: INSTRUMENTATION_FAILED: com.example.sampleapp.tests/android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner
     [exec]     at com.android.commands.am.Am.runInstrument(Am.java:616)
     [exec]     at com.android.commands.am.Am.run(Am.java:118)
     [exec]     at com.android.commands.am.Am.main(Am.java:81)
     [exec]     at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit.nativeFinishInit(Native Method)
     [exec]     at com.android.internal.os.RuntimeInit.main(RuntimeInit.java:237)
     [exec]     at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method)

我在这里遗漏了什么/做错了什么?非常感谢您的帮助.

What am I missing/doing wrong here? Any help is gladly appreciated.

推荐答案

好的，我发现了问题.我没有提到在 ant.properties 中，我已将 out.dir 位置更改为../build".正因为如此，编译器在构建 SampleAppTest 时不知道从哪里获取 SampleApp 的类文件.因此，一种解决方案是删除 ant.properties 中的 out.dir 条目，但我不想那样做.我必须找到一种方法来告诉编译器从哪里获取这些类.我找到的解决方案是像这样覆盖 build.xml 中的-compile"目标:

Okay, I spotted the problem. I failed to mention that in ant.properties, I've changed the out.dir location to "../build". Because of this, the compiler did not know where to get the class files of the SampleApp when building the SampleAppTest. So one solution is to delete the out.dir entry in ant.properties, but I did not want that. I had to find a way to tell the compiler where to get these classes. The solutions I found was to override the "-compile" target in build.xml like so:

<property name="SampleApp.build.location" value="../build"/>
    <target name="-compile" depends="-build-setup, -pre-build, -code-gen, -pre-compile">
        <do-only-if-manifest-hasCode elseText="hasCode = false. Skipping...">
            <!-- merge the project's own classpath and the tested project's classpath -->
            <path id="project.javac.classpath">
                <path refid="project.all.jars.path" />
                <path refid="tested.project.classpath" />
            </path>
            <javac encoding="${java.encoding}"
                    source="${java.source}" target="${java.target}"
                    debug="true" extdirs="" includeantruntime="false"
                    destdir="${out.classes.absolute.dir}"
                    bootclasspathref="project.target.class.path"
                    verbose="${verbose}"
                    classpathref="project.javac.classpath"
                    fork="${need.javac.fork}">
                <src path="${source.absolute.dir}" />
                <src path="${gen.absolute.dir}" />
                <compilerarg line="${java.compilerargs}" />
                <classpath>
                    <!-- steff: we changed one line here !-->
                    <fileset dir="${SampleApp.build.location}/classes" includes="*"/>
                </classpath>
            </javac>

            <!-- if the project is instrumented, intrument the classes -->
            <if condition="${build.is.instrumented}">
                <then>
                    <echo level="info">Instrumenting classes from ${out.absolute.dir}/classes...</echo>

                    <!-- build the filter to remove R, Manifest, BuildConfig -->
                    <getemmafilter
                            appPackage="${project.app.package}"
                            libraryPackagesRefId="project.library.packages"
                            filterOut="emma.default.filter"/>

                    <!-- define where the .em file is going. This may have been
                         setup already if this is a library -->
                    <property name="emma.coverage.absolute.file" location="${out.absolute.dir}/coverage.em" />

                    <!-- It only instruments class files, not any external libs -->
                    <emma enabled="true">
                        <instr verbosity="${verbosity}"
                               mode="overwrite"
                               instrpath="${out.absolute.dir}/classes"
                               outdir="${out.absolute.dir}/classes"
                               metadatafile="${emma.coverage.absolute.file}">
                            <filter excludes="${emma.default.filter}" />
                            <filter value="${emma.filter}" />
                        </instr>
                    </emma>
                </then>
            </if>

            <!-- if the project is a library then we generate a jar file -->
            <if condition="${project.is.library}">
                <then>
                    <echo level="info">Creating library output jar file...</echo>
                    <property name="out.library.jar.file" location="${out.absolute.dir}/classes.jar" />
                    <if>
                        <condition>
                            <length string="${android.package.excludes}" trim="true" when="greater" length="0" />
                        </condition>
                        <then>
                            <echo level="info">Custom jar packaging exclusion: ${android.package.excludes}</echo>
                        </then>
                    </if>

                    <propertybyreplace name="project.app.package.path" input="${project.app.package}" replace="." with="/" />

                    <jar destfile="${out.library.jar.file}">
                        <fileset dir="${out.classes.absolute.dir}"
                                includes="**/*.class"
                                excludes="${project.app.package.path}/R.class ${project.app.package.path}/R$*.class ${project.app.package.path}/BuildConfig.class"/>
                        <fileset dir="${source.absolute.dir}" excludes="**/*.java ${android.package.excludes}" />
                    </jar>
                </then>
            </if>

        </do-only-if-manifest-hasCode>
    </target>

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