Apache 服务器和大量 httpd 进程的问题 [英] Problems with Apache servers and A LOT of httpd processes
问题描述
我们的 Apache 服务器有问题.它真的很慢，而且 CPU 使用率非常高(有时显示恒定的 100%).
We have a problem with our Apache server. It's really slow and cpu usage is really high (sometimes showing a constant 100%).
它在一个 ubuntu 系统上.
It's on a ubuntu system.
任何想法可能导致这种情况?
Any ideas what might be causing this?
"top" 显示了这一点(可能有更多的 httpd 进程不适合终端窗口):
"top" shows this (there's probably even more httpd processes that didn't fit in the terminal window):
top - 11:33:19 up 1:07, 2 users, load average: 37.79, 35.90, 29.14
Tasks: 86 total, 10 running, 76 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombieCpu(s): 90.6%us, 9.4%sy, 0.0%ni, 0.0%id, 0.0%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st
Mem: 786432k total, 379584k used, 406848k free, 0k buffersSwap: 0k total, 0k used, 0k free, 0k cached
PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND
5507 nobody 16 0 54540 19m 5204 S 4 2.6 0:03.70 httpd 5653 nobody 17 0 59996 24m 4808 R 4 3.2 0:01.98 httpd
3277 nobody 15 0 201m 51m 6724 R 2 6.7 2:14.30 mysqld 5260 nobody 15 0 53740 18m 4972 S 2 2.4 0:06.53 httpd
5333 nobody 15 0 54536 19m 5152 S 2 2.5 0:06.50 httpd 3923 nobody 15 0 52644 18m 6372 S 1 2.4 0:16.80 httpd
5519 nobody 15 0 51252 15m 4792 S 1 2.0 0:03.02 httpd 4048 nobody 15 0 52808 17m 5040 R 1 2.3 0:13.86 httpd
5240 nobody 15 0 53980 18m 4916 S 1 2.4 0:08.42 httpd
5249 nobody 15 0 52908 17m 5188 S 1 2.3 0:08.23 httpd 5385 nobody 15 0 52568 16m 4824 S 1 2.2 0:04.19 httpd
5395 nobody 16 0 52536 16m 4804 S 1 2.1 0:03.90 httpd 5422 nobody 16 0 51408 15m 4888 S 1 2.1 0:03.49 httpd
5503 nobody 15 0 52536 16m 4800 S 1 2.1 0:02.67 httpd 3646 nobody 15 0 52572 16m 5012 S 1 2.2 0:25.42 httpd
3948 nobody 15 0 52844 17m 5008 R 1 2.3 0:17.15 httpd 5283 nobody 15 0 54000 18m 4944 S 1 2.4 0:07.05 httpd
5300 nobody 15 0 54748 19m 5276 S 1 2.6 0:06.20 httpd 5304 nobody 15 0 52876 17m 4904 S 1 2.2 0:06.45 httpd
5305 nobody 15 0 52812 17m 4884 S 1 2.2 0:06.02 httpd 5400 nobody 16 0 52060 16m 4800 R 1 2.1 0:04.10 httpd
5423 nobody 15 0 54764 19m 5196 S 1 2.6 0:04.37 httpd 5433 nobody 15 0 52168 16m 4844 R 1 2.1 0:03.38 httpd
5497 nobody 15 0 52572 16m 4820 S 1 2.2 0:02.83 httpd 5498 nobody 15 0 53076 17m 4864 S 1 2.3 0:03.14 httpd
5502 nobody 15 0 51260 15m 4804 S 1 2.0 0:02.70 httpd 5505 nobody 15 0 54920 19m 4976 S 1 2.5 0:02.68 httpd
5546 nobody 15 0 52584 16m 4664 S 1 2.2 0:02.48 httpd 5550 nobody 15 0 51244 15m 4796 S 1 2.0 0:02.42 httpd
5652 nobody 15 0 51976 17m 5912 S 1 2.3 0:01.24 httpd 5659 nobody 15 0 55012 19m 4980 S 1 2.6 0:01.25 httpd
5707 nobody 15 0 51416 15m 4880 S 1 2.1 0:00.09 httpd 5710 nobody 15 0 51240 15m 4792 S 1 2.0 0:00.14 httpd
5399 nobody 15 0 52568 16m 4856 S 1 2.2 0:03.86 httpd 5435 nobody 15 0 52596 16m 4864 S 1 2.2 0:02.96 httpd
5467 nobody 15 0 52316 16m 4856 R 1 2.1 0:02.93 httpd 5501 nobody 15 0 52956 17m 4844 S 1 2.2 0:02.79 httpd
5525 nobody 15 0 54508 19m 4916 S 1 2.5 0:03.41 httpd 5547 nobody 15 0 52604 18m 5708 S 1 2.3 0:02.77 httpd
5590 root 15 0 19208 1360 1044 R 1 0.2 0:00.39 top 5627 nobody 15 0 55648 20m 5164 S 1 2.6 0:02.56 httpd
5629 nobody 15 0 51248 15m 4792 S 1 2.0 0:01.62 httpd 5647 nobody 15 0 52956 17m 4884 S 1 2.2 0:01.16 httpd
5656 nobody 15 0 52588 17m 4884 S 1 2.2 0:00.94 httpd 5665 nobody 15 0 51244 15m 4792 S 1 2.0 0:01.36 httpd
5709 nobody 15 0 51928 15m 4628 S 1 2.1 0:00.02 httpd 5711 nobody 16 0 51148 15m 4600 S 1 2.0 0:00.02 httpd
推荐答案
Apache 需要 fork 一个进程来处理每个连接的客户端.在此处阅读更多相关信息.
Apache needs to fork a process to handle each connected client. Read more about that here.
结果是你有很多进程，因为你有很多连接.如果您的服务器因此运行缓慢，那么这里有几个选项:
The upshot is that you have lots of processes because you have lots of connections. If your server is running slowly as a result then here are a few options:
- 优化您的应用程序:分析您的应用程序代码并尝试优化服务器负载最多的区域.
- 考虑更改为影响较小的网络服务器，例如 nginx.这可以增加您的服务器可以处理的连接数.
- 添加页面缓存，使用类似varnish
- 添加另一个服务器，并在它们之间进行负载平衡
- 增加现有服务器的功能(例如增加 RAM、升级处理器、安装更快的硬盘).
- Optimise your application: profile your application's code and try and optimise the areas that place the most load on the server.
- Consider changing to a lower impact web server, such as nginx. This could increase the number of connections that your server can handle.
- Add page caching, using something like varnish
- Add another server, and load balance between them
- Increase the capabilities of the existing server (e.g. increase RAM, upgrade processor, install a faster hard disk).
所有这些选择都有成本，时间或金钱.不幸的是，事情就是这样:)
All of these options have a cost, in time or money. Unfortunately that's just the way it is :)
在我看来，最快的胜利可能是选项 2 和 3.但这意味着在安装它们时会停机，或者有一个备用服务器可以工作.
The quickest wins in my opinion would probably be options 2 and 3. But it means downtime while they're being installed, or having a backup server to work on.
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