使用 apache poi 将 HSSF(excel) 嵌入到 HSLF(ppt) 中 [英] Embedding HSSF(excel) into HSLF(ppt) using apache poi

问题描述

我想使用 apache poi 将 excel 表嵌入到演示文稿(PPT)中.我们应该怎么做?如果有人知道，请帮助我.

I want to embed the excel sheet into presentation(PPT) using apache poi. how can we do this? If anyones knows, please help me.

推荐答案

这让我花了一段时间才弄清楚这些部分是如何结合在一起的......

This took me a while to figure out how the parts belong together ...

嵌入可以通过两种方式完成:

The embedding can be done in two ways:

• 通过更新已经嵌入的工作表
  • Pro:只需调用 ObjectData.get/setData() 即可完成
  • 缺点:如果您想嵌入多个 OLE 对象怎么办?

  像往常一样，当我试图弄清楚如何实现某些 POI 功能时，我将结果与 Libre Office 文件进行比较，在这种情况下，必须创建/修改一些部分:

  As usual when I try to figure out, how to implement certain POI features, I'm comparing the results with Libre Office files, in this case a few parts had to be created/modified:

  • 在 Powerpoint 对象中...
    • 嵌入对象的二进制数据存储为根级记录.大多数根记录是位置依赖，所以需要重新计算新记录时的所有偏移量，例如一个幻灯片，被创建
    • 二进制数据记录是通过在 Document 中嵌入记录来引用的 记录
    • ... 为了更加混淆，实际形状对象再次引用了此文档引用
    • in the Powerpoint object ...
      • the binary data of the emebedded object is stored as a root level record. Most of the root records are position dependent, so you need to recalc all their offsets when a new record, e.g. a slide, is created
      • the binary data record is referenced by embedding records inside the Document record
      • ... and to obfuscate it a bit more, this document reference is referenced once more by the actual shape object
      • 需要创建一个 Ole Stream 条目
      • 并且根节点必须具有嵌入文档类型的 class-id
      • 除此之外，嵌入的工作簿对象没有任何变化，数据本身是一个独立的excel文件

      此外，我还使用了两个实用的信息类:BiffViewer 和 POIFSLister.

      Furthermore I've used the two practical info classes: BiffViewer and POIFSLister.

      由于这只是一个概念证明，它远未完成.有关嵌入元素表示的进一步修改，您需要查阅规范.

      As this is just a proof of concept, it is by far from complete. For further modifications on the representation of the embedded elements, you'll need to consult the spec.

      仍然存在为嵌入对象创建预览图像的未解决问题.您可能想要使用中性图像，只要用户激活(双击)ole 对象，无论如何都会替换它......另一种方法是使用 jodconverter，但比 POI 方法会有点毫无意义......

      There is still an unsolved issue of creating a preview image for the embedded object. You might want to use a neutral image, which is replaced anyway, as soon as user activates (double-clicks) the ole object ... An alternative would be to use jodconverter, but than the POI approach would be a bit senseless ...

      (使用 POI3.9/Libre Office 4.0/MS Excel 查看器/MS Office 2003 测试)

      (tested with POI3.9 / Libre Office 4.0 / MS Excel Viewer / MS Office 2003)

      import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
      import java.io.*;
      import java.lang.reflect.Field;
      
      import org.apache.poi.POIDocument;
      import org.apache.poi.ddf.*;
      import org.apache.poi.hpsf.ClassID;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.HSLFSlideShow;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.exceptions.HSLFException;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.model.*;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.model.Picture;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.model.Slide;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.record.*;
      import org.apache.poi.hslf.usermodel.*;
      import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.*;
      import org.apache.poi.hwpf.HWPFDocument;
      import org.apache.poi.hwpf.usermodel.*;
      import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.*;
      import org.apache.poi.util.*;
      
      public class PoiOleXlsInPpt {
          static final OleType EXCEL97      = new OleType("{00020820-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
          static final OleType EXCEL95      = new OleType("{00020810-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
          static final OleType WORD97       = new OleType("{00020906-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
          static final OleType WORD95       = new OleType("{00020900-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}");
          static final OleType POWERPOINT97 = new OleType("{64818D10-4F9B-11CF-86EA-00AA00B929E8}");
          static final OleType POWERPOINT95 = new OleType("{EA7BAE70-FB3B-11CD-A903-00AA00510EA3}");
      
          static class OleType {
              final String classId;
              OleType(String classId) {
                  this.classId = classId;
              }
              ClassID getClassID() {
                  ClassID cls = new ClassID();
                  byte clsBytes[] = cls.getBytes();
                  String clsStr = classId.replaceAll("[{}-]", "");
                  for (int i=0; i<clsStr.length(); i+=2) {
                      clsBytes[i/2] = (byte)Integer.parseInt(clsStr.substring(i, i+2), 16);
                  }
                  return cls;
              }
          }
      
          public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
              HSLFSlideShow _hslfSlideShow = HSLFSlideShow.create(); 
              SlideShow ppt = new SlideShow(_hslfSlideShow);
      
              OLEShape oleShape1 = createOLEShape(getSampleWorkbook1(), ppt, _hslfSlideShow, EXCEL97);
              oleShape1.setAnchor(new Rectangle2D.Double(100,100,100,100));
              OLEShape oleShape2 = createOLEShape(getSampleWorkbook2(), ppt, _hslfSlideShow, EXCEL97);
              oleShape2.setAnchor(new Rectangle2D.Double(300,300,100,100));
              OLEShape oleShape3 = createOLEShape(getSampleDocument(), ppt, _hslfSlideShow, WORD97);
              oleShape3.setAnchor(new Rectangle2D.Double(300,100,100,100));
      
              // create and link visuals to the ole data
              Slide slide = ppt.createSlide();
              slide.addShape(oleShape1);
              slide.addShape(oleShape2);
              slide.addShape(oleShape3);
      
              FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("ole_xls_in_ppt_out2.ppt");
              ppt.write(fos);
              fos.close();
          }
      
          static OLEShape createOLEShape(
                POIDocument sample
              , SlideShow ppt
              , HSLFSlideShow _hslfSlideShow
              , OleType oleType
          ) throws IOException {
              // generate a preview image
              int prevIdx = generatePreview(ppt, sample);
      
              // add the data to the SlideShow
              ExEmbed eeEmbed = addOleDataToDocumentRecord(ppt);
              ExOleObjStg exOleObjStg = addOleDataToRootRecords(_hslfSlideShow, sample, oleType);
              eeEmbed.getExOleObjAtom().setObjStgDataRef(exOleObjStg.getPersistId());
      
              OLEShape oleShape = new OLEShape(prevIdx);
              linkOleDataToShape(oleShape, eeEmbed);
      
              return oleShape;
          }
      
          static POIDocument getSampleWorkbook1() {
              HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
              HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
              sheet.createRow(1).createCell(1).setCellValue("First Workbook");
              return wb;
          }
      
          static POIDocument getSampleWorkbook2() {
              HSSFWorkbook wb = new HSSFWorkbook();
              HSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet();
              sheet.createRow(1).createCell(1).setCellValue("Second Workbook");
              return wb;
          }
      
          // the sample document has apparently a problem,
          // i.e. word inside ms powerpoint crashed, and libre office doesn't display the text
          // it was just a test, if embedding elements != Excel works
          // in case HWPF is interesting to you, you probably know anyway, where the error below is ...
          static POIDocument getSampleDocument() throws IOException {
              FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("src/test/resources/empty.doc");
              HWPFDocument doc = new HWPFDocument(fis);
              fis.close();
              Range range = doc.getRange();
              CharacterRun run1 = range.insertAfter("Sample text");    
              run1.setFontSize(11);       
              return doc;
          }
      
          /**
           * Generates a modified version of the sample element, which
           * contains embedding informations
           */
          static byte[] wrapOleData(POIDocument oleData, OleType oleType) {
              try {
                  ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                  oleData.write(bos);
      
                  ByteArrayInputStream bis = new ByteArrayInputStream(bos.toByteArray());
                  bos.reset();
                  POIFSFileSystem poifs = new POIFSFileSystem(bis);
      
                  final String OLESTREAM_NAME = "\u0001Ole";
                  DirectoryNode root = poifs.getRoot();
                  if (!root.hasEntry(OLESTREAM_NAME)) {
                      // the following data was taken from an example libre office document
                      // beside this "\u0001Ole" record there were several other records, e.g. CompObj,
                      // OlePresXXX, but it seems, that they aren't neccessary
                      byte oleBytes[] = { 1, 0, 0, 2, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 };
                      poifs.createDocument(new ByteArrayInputStream(oleBytes), OLESTREAM_NAME);
                  }
      
                  // need to set storage clsid, otherwise embedded object is not recognized
                  root.setStorageClsid(oleType.getClassID());
      
                  poifs.writeFilesystem(bos);
                  return bos.toByteArray();
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  throw new RuntimeException("wth?!", e);
              }
          }
      
      
          /**
           * to be defined, how to create a preview image
           * for a start, I've taken just a dummy image, which will be
           * replaced, when the user activates the ole object
           *
           * not really an alternativ:
           * http://stackoverflow.com/questions/16704624/how-to-print-a-workbook-file-made-using-apache-poi-and-java
           * 
           * @return image index of the preview image 
           */
          static int generatePreview(SlideShow ppt, POIDocument oleData) {
              try {
                  FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("src/test/resources/dilbert-2011-09-28-powerpoint.jpg");
                  byte previewImg[] = IOUtils.toByteArray(fis);
                  fis.close();
                  return ppt.addPicture(previewImg, Picture.JPEG);
              } catch (IOException e) {
                  throw new RuntimeException("not really?", e);
              }
          }
      
          static ExEmbed addOleDataToDocumentRecord(SlideShow ppt) {
              // taken from SlideShow.addControl()
              Document _documentRecord = ppt.getDocumentRecord();
              ExObjList lst = _documentRecord.getExObjList();
              if (lst == null) {
                  lst = new ExObjList();
                  _documentRecord.addChildAfter(lst, _documentRecord.getDocumentAtom());
                  try {
                      Field f = Document.class.getDeclaredField("exObjList");
                      f.setAccessible(true);
                      f.set(_documentRecord, lst);
                  } catch (Exception e) {
                      throw new RuntimeException("not here", e);
                  }
              }
              ExObjListAtom objAtom = lst.getExObjListAtom();
              // increment the object ID seed
              int objectId = (int) objAtom.getObjectIDSeed() + 1;
              objAtom.setObjectIDSeed(objectId);
      
              ExEmbed exEmbed = new ExEmbed();
              // remove unneccessary infos, so we don't need to specify the type
              // of the ole object multiple times
              Record children[] = exEmbed.getChildRecords();
              exEmbed.removeChild(children[2]);
              exEmbed.removeChild(children[3]);
              exEmbed.removeChild(children[4]);
      
              ExEmbedAtom eeEmbed = exEmbed.getExEmbedAtom();
              try {
                  Field f = ExEmbedAtom.class.getDeclaredField("_data");
                  f.setAccessible(true);
                  f.set(eeEmbed, new byte[]{0,0,0,0,1/*CantLockServerB*/,0,0,0});
                  // oops, there seems to be an error in the default constructor ...
                  // should be 8 and not 7 bytes
                  setRecordLength(eeEmbed, 8);
              } catch (Exception e) {
                  throw new RuntimeException("trust me ;)", e);
              }
      
              ExOleObjAtom eeAtom = exEmbed.getExOleObjAtom();
              eeAtom.setObjID(objectId);
              eeAtom.setDrawAspect(ExOleObjAtom.DRAW_ASPECT_VISIBLE);
              eeAtom.setType(ExOleObjAtom.TYPE_EMBEDDED);
              // eeAtom.setSubType(ExOleObjAtom.SUBTYPE_EXCEL);
              // should be ignored?!?, see MS-PPT ExOleObjAtom, but Libre Office sets it ...
              eeAtom.setOptions(1226240);
      
              lst.addChildAfter(exEmbed, objAtom);
      
              return exEmbed;
          }
      
          static ExOleObjStg addOleDataToRootRecords(
                HSLFSlideShow _hslfSlideShow
              , POIDocument oleData
              , OleType oleType
          ) throws IOException {
              ExOleObjStg exOleObjStg = new ExOleObjStg();
              int slideRecordPos = _hslfSlideShow.appendRootLevelRecord(exOleObjStg);
              exOleObjStg.setPersistId(slideRecordPos);
              exOleObjStg.setData(wrapOleData(oleData, oleType));
      
              // taken from SlideShow.createSlide
              Record _records[] = _hslfSlideShow.getRecords();
      
              // Add the new OLE record into the PersistPtr stuff
              int offset = 0;
              int slideOffset = 0;
              PersistPtrHolder ptr = null;
              UserEditAtom usr = null;
              for (int i = 0; i < _records.length; i++) {
                  Record record = _records[i];
                  ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
                  try {
                      record.writeOut(out);
                  } catch (IOException e) {
                      throw new HSLFException(e);
                  }
      
                  // Grab interesting records as they come past
                  if (_records[i].getRecordType() == RecordTypes.PersistPtrIncrementalBlock.typeID) {
                      ptr = (PersistPtrHolder) _records[i];
                  }
                  if (_records[i].getRecordType() == RecordTypes.UserEditAtom.typeID) {
                      usr = (UserEditAtom) _records[i];
                  }
      
                  if (i == slideRecordPos) {
                      slideOffset = offset;
                  }
                  offset += out.size();
              }
      
              // the ole objects needs to know its position within
              // the root records, because it will be later accessed
              // via its index from the shape
              int psrId = usr.getMaxPersistWritten() + 1;
              exOleObjStg.setPersistId(psrId);
      
              // Last view is now of the slide
              usr.setLastViewType((short) UserEditAtom.LAST_VIEW_SLIDE_VIEW);
              usr.setMaxPersistWritten(psrId); // increment the number of persit objects
      
              // Add the new slide into the last PersistPtr
              // (Also need to tell it where it is)
              exOleObjStg.setLastOnDiskOffset(slideOffset);
              ptr.addSlideLookup(psrId, slideOffset);
      
              return exOleObjStg;
          }
      
          static void linkOleDataToShape(OLEShape oleShape, ExEmbed exEmbed) {
              oleShape.setEscherProperty(EscherProperties.BLIP__PICTUREID, exEmbed.getExOleObjAtom().getObjID());
      
              EscherSpRecord spRecord = oleShape.getSpContainer().getChildById(EscherSpRecord.RECORD_ID);
              spRecord.setFlags(spRecord.getFlags()|EscherSpRecord.FLAG_OLESHAPE);
      
              // ExObjRefAtom is not set in OLEShape 
              UnknownEscherRecord uer = new UnknownEscherRecord();
              byte uerData[] = new byte[12];
              LittleEndian.putShort( uerData, 0, (short)0 ); // options = 0
              LittleEndian.putShort( uerData, 2, (short)RecordTypes.ExObjRefAtom.typeID); // recordId
              LittleEndian.putInt( uerData, 4, 4 ); // remaining bytes
              LittleEndian.putInt( uerData, 8, exEmbed.getExOleObjAtom().getObjID() ); // the data
              uer.fillFields(uerData, 0, null);
      
              EscherContainerRecord uerCont = new EscherContainerRecord();
              uerCont.setRecordId((short)RecordTypes.EscherClientData);
              uerCont.setVersion((short)0x000F); // yes, we are still a container ...
              uerCont.addChildRecord(uer);
      
              oleShape.getSpContainer().addChildRecord(uerCont);
          }
      
          static void setRecordLength(Record record, int len) throws NoSuchFieldException, IllegalAccessException {
              Field f = record.getClass().getDeclaredField("_header");
              f.setAccessible(true);
              byte _header[] = (byte[])f.get(record);
              LittleEndian.putInt(_header, 4, len);
              f.set(record, _header);
          }
      }
      

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