使用 Mail.app 从 Cocoa 发送 HTML 邮件 [英] Send HTML Mail from Cocoa with Mail.app
问题描述
我正在尝试通过 Mail.app 从 Cocoa 应用程序发送 html 电子邮件.我想在 Mail.app 中打开新邮件，包括主题、收件人并添加带有链接和其他内容的 HTML 正文.但找不到办法做到这一点.我已经尝试过 Scripting Bridge，但 MailOutgoingMessage 类没有内容类型，我可以添加纯文本内容.
I'm trying to send html email from Cocoa app, through Mail.app. I want to open new message in Mail.app, include subject, recipient and add HTML Body with links and other content. But can't find the way to do this. I already tried Scripting Bridge, but MailOutgoingMessage class doesn't have content type i can add content in plaintext.
尝试过 AppleScript，如下所示:
tried AppleScript, something like this:
set htmlContent to read "/Path/index.html"
set recipientList to {"mail@mail.com"}
tell application "Mail"
set newMessage to make new outgoing message with properties {subject:"qwerty", visible:true}
tell newMessage
make new to recipient at end of to recipients with properties {address:"mail@s.com"}
set html content to htmlContent
--send
end tell
end tell
此代码发送带有 html 的电子邮件，仅当我将 --send 更改为发送时.但是我需要在用户进行一些更改后发送信件.
this code send email with html, only if I'm changing --send to send. But i need to send letter later, after user made some changes.
推荐答案
重述问题:使用 AppleScript 创建带有 HTML 内容的消息，以便交互式编辑不起作用(从 OS X 10.9.2 开始):新消息表单带有 空 正文.
To recap the problem: Using AppleScript to create a message with HTML content for interactive editing does not work (as of OS X 10.9.2): the new-message form comes up with an empty body.
这应该被视为一个错误，我鼓励每个人通过 http://让 Apple 知道bugreport.apple.com - 警告:html content message 类属性未定义在Mail.sdef，Mail.app 的 AppleScript 字典，所以分配 HTML 可能不被官方支持.
This should be considered a bug and I encourage everyone to let Apple know at http://bugreport.apple.com - caveat: the html content message class property is not defined in Mail.sdef, Mail.app's AppleScript dictionary, so assigning HTML may not be officially supported.
有一个解决方法，但它并不漂亮:
There is a workaround, but it ain't pretty:
- 创建消息无形.
- 将其保存为草稿.
- 打开草稿消息，此时HTML内容将出现.
- Create the message invisibly.
- Save it as a draft.
- Open the draft message, at which point the HTML content will appear.
稳健地实现这一点具有挑战性，因为需要多种变通方法.不过，以下代码尽了最大努力:
Implementing this robustly is challenging, because several workarounds are required. The following code tries its hardest, though:
注意:由于代码使用 GUI 脚本，必须为应用程序启用辅助设备访问(通过系统偏好设置>安全和隐私>辅助功能)运行此代码(例如，AppleScript Editor，或者，如果通过 osascript 运行，Terminal.app).
Note: Since the code uses GUI scripting, Access for Assistive Devices must be enabled (via System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Accessibility) for the application running this code (e.g., AppleScript Editor or, if run via osascript, Terminal.app).
# Example values; use `read someFile` to read HTML from a file.
set htmlContent to "<html><body><h1>Hello,</h1><p>world.</p></body></html>"
set recipientList to {"person1@example.com", "person2@example.com"}
set msgSubject to "qwerty"
tell application "Mail"
# Create the message *invisibly*, and assign subject text
# as well as the HTML content.
set newMessage to make new outgoing message with properties ¬
{visible:false, subject:msgSubject, html content:htmlContent}
# Add recipients.
# !! Given the workaround below, this is currently pointless.
tell newMessage
repeat with toRcpt in recipientList
make new to recipient at end of to recipients with properties {address:toRcpt}
end repeat
end tell
# Save the current number of drafts messages.
set draftCountBefore to count messages of drafts mailbox
# !! Save the new message as a *draft* - this is necessary
# for the HTML content to actually appear in the message
# body when we open the message interactively later.
save newMessage
# !! Sadly, it takes a little while for the new message
# !! to appear in the drafts mailbox, so we must WAIT.
set newMessageAsDraft to missing value
repeat with i from 1 to 30 # give up after n * 0.1 secs.
set draftCountNow to (count messages of drafts mailbox)
if draftCountNow > draftCountBefore then
set newMessageAsDraft to message 1 of drafts mailbox
exit repeat
end if
delay 0.1 # sleep a little
end repeat
# Abort, if the draft never appeared.
if newMessageAsDraft is missing value then error "New message failed to appear in the drafts mailbox within the timeout period."
# Open the new message as a *draft* message - this ensures that
# the HTML content is displayed and editable in the message body.
# !! The ONLY solution I found is to use `redirect`, which, unfortunately,
# !! *wipes out the recipients*.
# !! It does, however, ensure that the draft is deleted once the message is sent.
redirect newMessageAsDraft with opening window
# Activate Mail.app and thus the draft message's window.
activate
# !! Since the recipients have been wiped out, we need to
# !! add them again - unfortunately, the only way we can do that is to
# !! *GUI scripting* - simulating invocation of a menu command or
# !! sending keystrokes.
tell application "System Events"
# We must make sure that the target window is active before
# we can perform GUI scripting on it.
set newMessageWindow to missing value
repeat with i from 1 to 30 # give up after n * 0.1 secs.
tell (first window of (first process whose frontmost is true) whose subrole is not "AXFloatingWindow")
if name is msgSubject then
set newMessageWindow to it
exit repeat
end if
end tell
delay 0.1 # sleep a little
end repeat
if newMessageWindow is missing value then error "New message failed to become the active window within the timeout period."
# Turn the list of recipients into comma-delimited *string* for pasting into the To field.
set {orgTIDs, AppleScript's text item delimiters} to {AppleScript's text item delimiters, {","}}
set recipientListString to (recipientList as text)
set AppleScript's text item delimiters to orgTIDs
# Save the current clipboard content.
set prevClipboardContents to the clipboard
# Cursor is in the "To:" field, so use GUI scripting to send the Edit > Paste command now.
# NOTE: Access for assistive devices must be enabled via System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Accessibility.
set the clipboard to recipientListString
my pasteFromClipboard("")
# Restore the previous clipboard content.
# !! We mustn't do this instantly, as our temporary content may not have
# !! finished pasting yet. It would be non-trivial to determine
# !! when pasting has finished (examining `count of to recipients` doesn't work),
# !! so we take our chances with a fixed, small delay.
delay 0.1
set the clipboard to prevClipboardContents
# Place the cursor in the message *body*.
# !! This works as of Mail.app on OS X 10.9.2, but may break in the future.
try
tell newMessageWindow
tell UI element 1 of scroll area 1
set value of attribute "AXFocused" to true
end tell
end tell
end try
end tell
end tell
(*
Pastes form the clipboard into the active window of the specified application (process) using GUI scripting
rather than keyboard shortcuts so as to avoid conflicts with keyboard shortcuts used to invoke this handler.
Specify "" or `missing value` to paste into the currently active (frontmost) application.
The target process may be specified by either name or as a process object.
CAVEAT: While this subroutine IS portable across *UI languages*, it does make an assumption that will hopefully hold for
all applications: that the "Edit" menu is the *4th* menu from the left (Apple menu, app menu, File, Edit).
Examples:
my pasteFromClipboard("") # paste into frontmost app
my pasteFromClipboard("TextEdit")
*)
on pasteFromClipboard(targetProcess)
tell application "System Events"
if targetProcess is missing value or targetProcess = "" then
set targetProcess to first process whose frontmost is true
else
if class of targetProcess is text then
set targetProcess to process targetProcess
end if
-- Activate the application (make it frontmost), otherwise pasting will not work.
set frontmost of targetProcess to true
end if
tell menu 1 of menu bar item 4 of menu bar 1 of targetProcess
-- Find the menu item whose keyboard shortcut is Cmd-V
set miPaste to first menu item whose value of attribute "AXMenuItemCmdChar" is "V" and value of attribute "AXMenuItemCmdModifiers" is 0
click miPaste
end tell
end tell
end pasteFromClipboard
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